WCO Explanatory Notes reproduced for reference. © World Customs Organization. Verify against official WCO publication.
29.16 - Unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids, cyclic monocarboxylic acids, their anhydrides, hahdes, peroxides and peroxyacids; their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives. - Unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives : 29 16.11 29 16.12 2916.13 - - Acrylic acid and its salts - - Esters of acrylic acid - - Methacrylic acid and its salts 29 i 6.14 - - Esters of methacrylic acid 29 16.15 2916.16 2916.19 - - Oleic, linoleic or linolenic acids, their salts and esters - - Binapacryl (ISO) - - Other 2916.20 - Cyclanic, cyclenic or cycloterpenic monocarboxylic acids, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives - Aromatic monocarboxylic acids, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives : 2916.31 29 16.32 2916.34 - - Benzoic acid, its salts and esters - - Benzoyl peroxide and benzoyl chloride - - Phenylacetic acid and its salts 2916.39 - - Other r This heading covers unsaturated acyclic rnonocarboxylic acids and cyclic monocarbox lic acids and their anhydrides, halides, eroxides, peroxyacids, esters and salts, as we 1 as the halogenated, sul honated, nitrate or nitrosated derivatives (including compound derivatives) of ucts. I any of these pro? (A) UNSATURATED ACYCLIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR SALTS, ESTERS AND OTHER DERIVATIVES (1) Acrylic acid (CH,=CHCOOH). Colourless liquid with acrid odour. Polymerises readily; monomer for polyacrylic acids and other acrylic polymers. (2) Methacrylic acid. The polymers of esters of this acid constitute plastics (Chapter 39). (3) Oleic acid (ClsH3402). Found in fats and oils as a lyceride. A colourless odourless liquid; crystallises m needles at a temperature of about 4 '8. The water-soluble oleic salts (e. sodium, potassium, and ammonium oleates) are soaps but they remain classified in this kading. (4) Linoleic acid (CuH3202). Contained in linseed oil as a glyceride; a drying acid. (5) Linolenic acid (C18H3002). (6) Heptynoic and octynoic acids. (B) CYCLANIC, CYCLENIC OR CYCLOTERPENIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR SALTS, ESTERS AND OTHER DERIVATIVES (1) Cyclohexanecarboxylicacid. (2) Cyclopentenylacetic acid. (C) AROMATIC SATURATED MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR SALTS, ESTERS AND OTHER DERIVATIVES (I) Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH).Found in some resins and balsams. Prepared synthetically; crystallises in white needles or shiny white flakes, odourless if the acid is pure; an antiseptic and antiputrefaction agent. Its main salts are ammonium, sodium, potassium and calcium benzoates. Its main esters are benzyl, naphthyl, methyl, ethyl, geranyl, citronellyl, linalyl and rhodinyl benzoates. The heading also includes, inter alia, the following derivatives of benzoic acid (a) Benzoyl peroxide. White, anular, c stalline solid. Used in medicine, in the rubber and plastics industries, forb eaching oi s, fats, flours, etc. y (b) Benzoyl chloride (C6H5COCl. White crystals. Colourless liquid with a characteristic odour, lachryrnatory; gives of fumes when exposed to air. f' (c) Nitrobenzoic acids (o-,m- andp-) (o2NC6H4CO0IF). (d) NitrobenzoyI chlorides (0-, m- andp-) (02NC6&COC1). (e) Chlorobenzoic acids (ClC6&COOH). (f) Dichlorobenzoic acids (C12C6H3COOH). (2) Phenylacetic acid (C6H,CH2COOH).Shiny, white crystal lates with a floral odour. Used in perfines and flavourings, in the manufacture of penicil in G and fungicides, in organic s thesis and as a precursor in the production of amphetamines (see the list of precursors at t e end of Chapter 29). X" b' Its main esters are ethyl phenylacetate, methyl phenylacetate and o-methoxyphenyl phenylacetate (guaiacol phenylacetate). (3) Phenylpropionic, naphthoic acids. (D) AROMATIC UNSATURATED MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR SALTS, ESTERS AND OTHER DERIVATIVES Cinnamic acid (C6H,CH=CHCOOH). Found in cinnamon oil and in balsams of Tolu and Peru. Colourless crystals. Its main salts are sodium and potassium cinnarnates. Its main esters are methyl, ethyl, benzyl and propyl cinnamates, used in p e r b e r y . This headin excludes oleic acid of a purity of less than 85 % (calculated on the weight of the product) ancfother fatty acids of a purity of less than 90 % (calculated on the weight of the dry product (heading 38.23).
1.- Except where the context otherwise requires, the headings of this Chapter apply only to : (a) Separate chemically defined organic compounds, whether or not containing impurities; (b) Mixtures of two or more isomers of the same organic compound (whether or not containing impurities), except mixtures of acyclic hydrocarbon isomers (other than stereoisomers), whether or not saturated (Chapter 27); (c) The products of headings 29.36 to 29.39 or the sugar ethers, sugar acetals and sugar esters, and their salts, of heading 29.40, or the products of heading 29.41, whether or not chemically defined; (d) The products mentioned in (a), (b) or (c) above dissolved in water; (e) The products mentioned in (a), (b) or (c) above dissolved in other solvents provided that the solution constitutes a normal and necessary method of putting up these products adopted solely for reasons of safety or for transport and that the solvent does not render the product particularly suitable for specific use rather than for general use; (f) The products mentioned in (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) above with an added stabiliser (including an anti- caking agent) necessary for their preservation or transport; (g) The products mentioned in (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) above with an added anti-dusting agent or a colouring or odoriferous substance or an emetic added to facilitate their identification or for safety reasons, provided that the additions do not render the product particularly suitable for specific use rather than for general use; (h) The following products, diluted to standard strengths, for the production of azo dyes : diazonium salts, couplers used for these salts and diazotisable amines and their salts. 2.- This Chapter does not cover : (a) Goods of heading 15.04 or crude glycerol of heading 15.20; (b) Ethyl alcohol (heading 22.07 or 22.08); (c) Methane or propane (heading 27.11); (d) The compounds of carbon mentioned in Note 2 to Chapter 28; (e) Immunological products of heading 30.02; (f) Urea (heading 31.02 or 31.05); (g) Colouring matter of vegetable or animal origin (heading 32.03), synthetic organic colouring matter, synthetic organic products of a kind used as fluorescent brightening agents or as luminophores (heading 32.04) or dyes or other colouring matter put up in forms or packings for retail sale (heading 32.12); (h) Enzymes (heading 35.07); (ij) Metaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine or similar substances, put up in forms (for example, tablets, sticks or similar forms) for use as fuels, or liquid or liquefied-gas fuels in containers of a kind used for filling or refilling cigarette or similar lighters and of a capacity not exceeding 300 cm3 (heading 36.06); (k) Products put up as charges for fire-extinguishers or put up in fire-extinguishing grenades, of heading 38.13; ink removers put up in packings for retail sale, of heading 38.24; or (l) Optical elements, for example, of ethylenediamine tartrate (heading 90.01). 3.- Goods which could be included in two or more of the headings of this Chapter are to be classified in that one of those headings which occurs last in numerical order. 4.- In headings 29.04 to 29.06, 29.08 to 29.11 and 29.13 to 29.20, any reference to halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives includes a reference to compound derivatives, such as sulphohalogenated, nitrohalogenated, nitrosulphonated or nitrosulphohalogenated derivatives. Nitro or nitroso groups are not to be taken as “nitrogen-functions” for the purposes of heading 29.29. For the purposes of headings 29.11, 29.12, 29.14, 29.18 and 29.22, “oxygen function”, the characteristic organic oxygen-containing group of those respective headings, is restricted to the oxygen-functions referred to in headings 29.05 to 29.20.