WCO Explanatory Notes reproduced for reference. © World Customs Organization. Verify against official WCO publication.
32.04 - Synthetic organic colouring matter, whether or not chemically defined; preparations as specified in Note 3 to this Chapter based on synthetic organic colouring matter; synthetic organic products of a kind used as fluorescent brightening agents or as luminophores, whether or not chemically defined (+). - Synthetic organic colouring matter and preparations based thereon as specified in Note 3 to this Chapter : 3204.11 3204.12 - - Disperse dyes and preparations based thereon - - Acid dyes, whether or not premetallised, and preparations based thereon; mordant dyes and preparations based thereon - - Basic dyes and preparations based thereon 3204.14 - - Direct dyes and preparations based thereon 3204.15 - - Vat d es (including those usable in that state as pigments) and preparations 3204.13 dY base thereon 3204.19 - - Reactive dyes and preparations based thereon - - Pigments and preparations based thereon - - Other, includin mixtures of colouring matter 3204.20 - Synthetic organic products of a kind used as fluorescent brightening agents 3204.90 - Other 3204.16 3204.17 subheadings 3284.1 1 to 3204.19 of two or more of the (I) SYNTHETIC ORGANIC COLOURING MATTER, WHETHER OR NOT CHEMICALLY DEFINED; PREPARATIONS AS SPECIFIED IN NOTE 3 TO THIS CHAPTER BASED ON SYNTHETIC ORGANIC COLOURING MATTER Synthetic or anic colouring matter is generally obtained from oils or other products of the chstillation o coal tar. f This heading applies, inter alia,to : (A) Unmixed synthetic organic colouring matter (whether or not chemically defined compounds) and synthettc organic colouring matter diluted with substances which have no dyeing properties (e.g., anhydrous sodium sul hate, sodium chloride, dextrin, starch) to decrease or standardise their colouring power. ! h e addition of small quantities of surfaceactive products to encourage penetratton and fixation of the dye does not affect the classification of colouring matter. Colouring matter of these descriptions is usually in the form of powder, crystals, pastes, etc. Synthetic or anic colouring matter put up in forms or packings for retail sale is classified in heading 32.6(see part (c)of the ~xplanatory~ o t teo that heading). (B) Different types of synthetic organic colouring matter mixed together. (C) Concentrated dispersions of synthetic organic colouring matter in plastics, natural rubber, synthetic rubbers, plasticisers or other media. These dispersions are usually in the form of small plates or lumps and are used as raw materials for colouring rubber, plastics, etc., in the mass. (D) Mixtures of synthetic organic colouring matter with relatively large quantities of surfaceactive products, or with organic binders, which are used for colounng in the mass plastics, etc., or as ingredients in preparations for printing textiles. They are normally in the form of pastes. (E) Other preparations based on s thetic organic colouring matter of a kind used for colouring any material or used as ingre ients in the manufacture of colouring preparations. However, the preparations referred to in the last sentence of Note 3 to this Chapter are excluded. d" The various types of synthetic organic colouring matter classified here (whether as dyes or pigments) include : (1) Nitroso or nitro compounds. (2) Mono- or polyazo compounds. (3) Stilbenes. (4) Thiazoles (e.g., thioflavine). (5) Carbazoles. (6) Quinoneimines, e.g., azines (indulines, nigrosines, eurhodines, safranines, etc. , oxazines (gallocyanines, etc.) and thiazines (methylene blue, etc.); also indophenols or in amines. d (7) Xanthenes (pyronine, fluorescein, eosins, rhodamines, etc.). (8) Acridines, quinolines (e.g., cyanines, isocyanines, cryptocyanines). (9) Di- or triphenylmethanes, e.g., auramine and fichsine. (10) Hydroxyquinones and anthraquinones, e.g., alizarin. (11) Sulphonated indigoids. (12) Other vat dyes or pigments (e.g., synthetic indigo), other sulphur dyes or pigments, indigosols, etc. (13)Phosphotun stic greens, etc. (see third paragraph of the Explanatory Note to headmg 32. 5). % (14) Phthalocyanines (even if crude) and their metallic compounds, including their sulphonated derivatives. (15) Carotenoids obtained by synthesis (e. , ,&carotene, 8'-apo-B-ca~otenal,8'-apo-karotenic acid, ethyl 8'-apo-p-carotenate, methy 8'-apo-p-carotenate and canthaxanthin). P Certain azo colourin matters are often put u in the form of mixtures of stabilised diazonium salts and cou lers w ich produce an insolub e azo dye on the fibre itself. These mixtures are also classifie in this headmg. B P % The heading excludes, however, separate diazonium salts (whether or not stabjlised or diluted to standard strengths) which may be applied to the fibre separately from the coupler m the course of dyelng to produce the same colouring matter (Chapter 29). This heading also excludes the intermediate roducts, which are not themselves dyes, obtained at different stages in the production of co ourin matter. These intermediate products (e.g., monochloroacetic acid, benzenesulphonic or naphtho - sulphonic acids, resorcinol, chloronitrobenzenes, nitro- or nitroso henols, nitrosoamines, aniline, nitrated or sulphonated amine derivatives, benzidine, aminona htholsJphonic ~ c i d s ,anthraquinone, methylanilines are classified in Chapter 29. They are quite diRerent fmm certam crude mducts classified here, suc as phthalocyanincs which are chemcally '' finished " and require only simpg physical processing to obtain their optimum t~ntingpower. H Synthetic organic colouring matter may be soluble oy insoluble in water. It has almost completely replaced natural organic colouring matter, p&cularly for dyein or rinting textiles, dyeing hides or skins, pa er or wood. It is also used to pr are colour lafes beading 32.05), colours of headings 32.0 to 32.10, 32.12 and 32.13, inks o heading 32.15, and for colouring plastics, rubber, waxes, oils, photographic emulsions, etc. "P k' Certain of these substances are also used as laboratory reagents or for medical purposes. Substances which in practice are not used for their dyeing roperties are excluded, e.g., azulenes trinitrophenol ( icric acid) and dPniw-ortho-cressl (headiqg 29.08); hexanitrodiphenylamine (headin 29. 1); methyl orange (heading 29.27); bilirubin, biliverdin and porphyrins (heading 29.33); acrilgavine (heading 38.24). (heading 29.02); P (11) SYNTHETIC ORGANIC PRODUCTS OF A KIND USED AS FLUORESCENT BRIGHTENING AGENTS OR AS LUMINOPHORES, WHETHER OR NOT CHEMICALLY DEFINED (1) Organic products of a kind used as fluorescent brightening agents are s thetic or anic products which absorb ultraviolet rays and give off visible blue radiations, IK",s intensibq the apparent whiteness of white articles, They generally consist of stilbene derivatives. (2) Organic products of a kind used as luminophores are synthetic products which, under the action of light rays, produce a luminescent or fluorescent effect. Some of these products also have the character of colouring matter. An example of these lumino hores is rhodamine B in plastics, which produces a red fluorescence. It is generally in the orrn of powder. P Most organic roducts of a kind used as luminophores (e.g., diethyl dihydroxyterephthalate and salicylal&ine) are not colouring matter. They a r ~added to colouring pi meqts to increase their brilliance. These products r e m m thts headin even when c emcally defined but the same chemicals in a non-luminescent form less pure, different crystalline structure) are excluded (Chapter 29). Thus salicylaldazine of the kind used as a blowing agent for rubber falls in heading 29.28. f of a kind used as lumino hores mixed to ether or with synthetic organic fall in this heading. &en mixed wid? inorganic pigments they are Subheading Explanatory Note. Subheadings3204.11 to 3204.19 Synthetic organic colouring matter and reparations based thereon as ecified in Note 3 to this Cha ter are subdivided on the basis of their appyication or use. W e products o these subheadings are descn73ed below. "T! r Disperse dyes are substantially water-insoluble, non-ionic dyes which are applied to h drophobic fibres ftom a ueous dis ersion. They are used on polyester, nylon or other polyamides, ce lulose acetate or arrylicffbres and !or surface-dyeing of certain thermoplastics. Acid dyes are water-soluble anionic dyes which are applied to nylon, wool, silk, modacrylic fibres or leather. Mordant dyes are water-soluble dyes which require the use of a mordant (for example, chromium salts) to bind them to textile fibres. Basic dyes are water-soluble cationic dyes which are applied to modacrylic, modified nylon or modified polyester fibres or to unbleached aper. Their original use was for dyeing silk, wool or tannin-mordanted cotton, where brightness of s h J e was more important than colour-fastness. Some basic dyes show biological activity and are used in medicine as antiseptics. Direct dyes are water-soluble anionic dyes which, in aqueous solution in the presence of electrolytes, are substantive to cellulosic fibres. They are used for dyeing cotton, regenerated cellulose, paper, leather and, to a lesser extent, nylon. In order to improve their colour-fastness, direct-dyed fabrics are often subjected to an after treatment, such as diazotisation and coupling in situ, chelation with metal salts or treatment with formaldehyde. Vat dyes are water-insoluble dyes which are reduced in an alkaline bath to the water-soluble Ieuco form and in that form are applied, mainly to cellulosic fibres, after which they are reoxidised to the insoluble coloured keto form. Reactive dyes are dyes that attach themselves to the fibres, usually cotton, wool or nylon, by reacting with functional groups on the fibre molecules to form a covalent bond. Pigments are synthetic organic colours which retain their crystalline or particulate form throu hout the application process (in contrast to dyes, which lose thelr crystalline structure by disso ution or vaporisation, although they may re in it during a later stage of the dyeing process). They include insoluble metal salts of some of the agve-mentioned dyes. f Subheading 3204.19 covers inter alia - - mixtures described in Note 2 to this Chapter; solvent d es, which are dissolved in organic solvents and applied to synthetic fibres, for example, nylon, poGester or acrylic fibres, or used in gasoline, varnishes, stains, inks, waxes, etc. Some of these s thetic organic colouring matters belong to two or more application classes falling in different subheagga. They are classified as follou-s : - Those which, in the state in which they are presented, are usable both as vat dyes and as pigments are to be classified as vat dyes in subhead~ng3204.15. - Others which are otentially classifiable in two or more of the specific subheadings 3204.1 1 to 3204.17 are to be cfassified in the latest applicable subheading. - Those which are potentially classifiable in one of the specific subheadings 3204.1 1 to 3204.17 and in the residual subheading 3204.19 are to be classified in the specific subheading. Mixtures of synthetic organic colouring matter and preparations based on such mixtures are classified as foilows : - Mixtures of two or more products of the same subheading are to be classified in that subheading. Mixtures of two or more products of different subheadings (3204.1 1 to 3204.19) are to be classified in the residual subheading 3204.19. Fluorescent brightening agents, sometimes called " white d es ",are excluded £torn subheadings 3204.11 to 3204.19, being more specifically provided for in subhead?ng 3300.20.
1.- This Chapter does not cover : (a) Separate chemically defined elements or compounds (except those of heading 32.03 or 32.04, inorganic products of a kind used as luminophores (heading 32.06), glass obtained from fused quartz or other fused silica in the forms provided for in heading 32.07, and also dyes and other colouring matter put up in forms or packings for retail sale, of heading 32.12); (b) Tannates or other tannin derivatives of products of headings 29.36 to 29.39, 29.41 or 35.01 to 35.04; or (c) Mastics of asphalt or other bituminous mastics (heading 27.15). 2.- Heading 32.04 includes mixtures of stabilised diazonium salts and couplers for the production of azo dyes. 3.- Headings 32.03, 32.04, 32.05 and 32.06 apply also to preparations based on colouring matter (including, in the case of heading 32.06, colouring pigments of heading 25.30 or Chapter 28, metal flakes and metal powders), of a kind used for colouring any material or used as ingredients in the manufacture of colouring preparations. The headings do not apply, however, to pigments dispersed in non-aqueous media, in liquid or paste form, of a kind used in the manufacture of paints, including enamels (heading 32.12), or to other preparations of heading 32.07, 32.08, 32.09, 32.10, 32.12, 32.13 or 32.15. 4.- Heading 32.08 includes solutions (other than collodions) consisting of any of the products specified in headings 39.01 to 39.13 in volatile organic solvents when the weight of the solvent exceeds 50 % of the weight of the solution. 5.- The expression “colouring matter” in this Chapter does not include products of a kind used as extenders in oil paints, whether or not they are also suitable for colouring distempers. 6.- The expression “stamping foils” in heading 32.12 applies only to thin sheets of a kind used for printing, for example, book covers or hat bands, and consisting of : (a) Metallic powder (including powder of precious metal) or pigment, agglomerated with glue, gelatin or other binder; or (b) Metal (including precious metal) or pigment, deposited on a supporting sheet of any material.