WCO Explanatory Notes reproduced for reference. © World Customs Organization. Verify against official WCO publication.
38.11 - Anti-knock preparations, oxidation inhibitors, gum inhibitors, viscosity improvers, anti-corrosive preparations and other prepared additives, for mineral orls (including gasoline) or for other liquids used for the same purposes as mineral oils. - Anti-knock preparations : 38 11.11 - - Based on lead compounds 3811.19 - - Other - Additives for lubricating oils : 38 11.2 1 - - Containing petroleum oils or oils obtained fiom bituminous minerals 3811.29 - - Other 3811.90 - Other The preparations of this heading are additives for mineral oils or for other liquids used for the same purposes to eliminate or reduce undesirable properties, or to impart or enhance desirable properties. (A) Prepared additives for mineral oils. 1.- Additives for crude oils. This group includes anticorrosives which are added-to crude oils to protect metal structures (in particular, distillation columns). Their actwe constituents are generally amino-type substances derived in particular fiom imidazoline. 2.- Additives for gasoline (petrol). This group includes : (a) Anti-knock preparations which increase the resistance of fuels to premature ignition and thus prevent knocking. They are usual1 based on tetraethyllead and tetramethyllead, and also contain, for examp e, 1,2dibromoethane or monochloronaphthalene. The h e d n g does not include leaded anti-knock compound sludges obtained ffom storage tanks for leaded anti-knock compounds and consisting essentially of lead, lead compounds and iron oxide (heading 24.20). r (b) Oxidation inhibitors. The most important oxidation inhibitors are based on phenolic products @, dimethyl-tert-butylphenol), and such derivatives of aromatic amines as a 1p-phenylenedamines. (c) Anti-icing reparations. Products often based on alcohols (e.g., propan-2-01 (or isopropyl a cohol)), which are added to gasoline (petrol) to prevent the formation of ice m fuel systems. P (d) Detergents. Preparations used to keep the carburettor and the inflow and outflow of the cylinders clean. (e) Gum inhibitors. These products are intended to prevent the formation of gum in the carburettor or engine intake. 3.- Additives for lubricating oils. This group includes : (a) Viscosi improvers, based on polymers such as polyrnethacrylates, polybutenes, polyalky styrenes. '7 (b) Pour-point de ressants, which prevent the aggregation of crystals at low temperatures. T e products of this category are based on polymers of ethylene, on vinyl esters and ethers or on acrylic esters. R (c) Oxidation inhibitors usually based on phenolic or amino compounds. (d) Extreme pressure (EP) additives based on organodithio hos hates of zinc, sul hurised oils, chlorinated hydrocarbons, aromatic p osp ates and R thiophosp ates. ! l: (e) Detergents and dispersants, such as those based on alkyl phenoxides, naphthenates or petroleum sulphonates of certain metals, such as those of aluminium, calcium, zinc or barium. (f) Rust preventatives based on organic salts (sulphonates) of calcium or barium, on amines or on alkylsuccinic acids. (g) Foam inhibitors, usually based on silicones. Those lubricating preparations intended to be added in small quantities to motor fuels or lubricants, for example, for reducing wear on engine cylinders, are excluded (heading 27.10 or 34.03). 4.- Additives for other mineral oils. This group includes : (a) Pour-point depressants, similar to those used for lubricants as in 3 (b) above. (b) Oxidation inhibitors. These are similar to those used for gasoline (petrol). (c) Cetane number improvers for gas oil, for example those based on dkyl nitrates and alkyl nitrites. (d) Additives with surface-active action, which eliminate or prevent the formation of sediment (asphaltenes) in stored oiI. (e) Additives to prevent or reduce undesirable deposits (e.g., ash, caibon black) in the combustion chambers or flues of furnaces, and additives to reduce corrosion by volatile products (e.g., SOzand SO3)in heat transmission structures or chimneys. (f) Anti-icing preparations, added to prevent the formation of ice in he1 systems. (B) Prepared additives for other liquids used for the same purposes as mineral oils. Among the liquids used for the same purposes as mineral oils are : (a) Fuels based on alcohols (e.g., gasohol); and (b) Synthetic lubricants : (1) based on esters of organic acids (adipates, azelates, neopentylpolyol esters) or of inorganic acids (triaryl phosphates); (2) based on pol ethers oly(oxyeth lene) poly(oxYProPylene~(polMProPyene glycol)^; (polyethylene glycol) or (3) based on silicones. The additives are the same as those used for the corresponding mineral oils. This heading does not apply to s arate chemically defined elements and compounds (usually Chapter 28 or 29), or to petroleum sulp onates not in the form of preparations. T The heading also excludes : (a) Lubricating preparations with a basis of molybdenum disulphide (heading 34.03). (b) Colloidal graphite in suspension in oil or other media and semi-colloidal graphite (heading 38.01).
1.- This Chapter does not cover : (a) Separate chemically defined elements or compounds with the exception of the following : (1) Artificial graphite (heading 38.01); (2) Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides, anti-sprouting products and plant-growth regulators, disinfectants and similar products, put up as described in heading 38.08; (3) Products put up as charges for fire-extinguishers or put up in fire-extinguishing grenades (heading 38.13); (4) Certified reference materials specified in Note 2 below; (5) Products specified in Note 3 (a) or 3 (c) below; (b) Mixtures of chemicals with foodstuffs or other substances with nutritive value, of a kind used in the preparation of human foodstuffs (generally heading 21.06); (c) Products of heading 24.04; (d) Slag, ash and residues (including sludges, other than sewage sludge), containing metals, arsenic or their mixtures and meeting the requirements of Note 3 (a) or 3 (b) to Chapter 26 (heading 26.20); (e) Medicaments (heading 30.03 or 30.04); or (f) Spent catalysts of a kind used for the extraction of base metals or for the manufacture of chemical compounds of base metals (heading 26.20), spent catalysts of a kind used principally for the recovery of precious metal (heading 71.12) or catalysts consisting of metals or metal alloys in the form of, for example, finely divided powder or woven gauze (Section XIV or XV). 2.- (A) For the purpose of heading 38.22, the expression “certified reference materials” means reference materials which are accompanied by a certificate which indicates the values of the certified properties, the methods used to determine these values and the degree of certainty associated with each value and which are suitable for analytical, calibrating or referencing purposes. (B) With the exception of the products of Chapter 28 or 29, for the classification of certified reference materials, heading 38.22 shall take precedence over any other heading in the Nomenclature. 3.- Heading 38.24 includes the following goods which are not to be classified in any other heading of the Nomenclature : (a) Cultured crystals (other than optical elements) weighing not less than 2.5 g each, of magnesium oxide or of the halides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals; (b) Fusel oil; Dippel's oil; (c) Ink removers put up in packings for retail sale; (d) Stencil correctors, other correcting fluids and correction tapes (other than those of heading 96.12), put up in packings for retail sale; and (e) Ceramic firing testers, fusible (for example, Seger cones). 4.- Throughout the Nomenclature, “municipal waste” means waste of a kind collected from households, hotels, restaurants, hospitals, shops, offices, etc., road and pavement sweepings, as well as construction and demolition waste. Municipal waste generally contains a large variety of materials such as plastics, rubber, wood, paper, textiles, glass, metals, food materials, broken furniture and other damaged or discarded articles. The term “municipal waste”, however, does not cover : (a) Individual materials or articles segregated from the waste, for example wastes of plastics, rubber, wood, paper, textiles, glass or metals, electrical and electronic waste and scrap (including spent batteries) which fall in their appropriate headings of the Nomenclature; (b) Industrial waste;