"Kelem", "Schumacks", "Karamanie" and similar hand-woven rugs

57.02 - Carpets and other textile floor coverings, woven, not tufted or flocked, whether or not made up, including ccKelem","Schumacks", "Karamanie" and similar handwoven rugs. 5702.10 5702.20 - " Kelem ", " Schumacks "," Kararnanie " and similar hand-woven rugs - Floor coverings of coconut fibres (coir) - Other, of pile construction, not made up : 5702.3 1 5702.32 5702.39 - - Of wool or fine animal hair - - Of man-made textile materials - - Of other textile materials - Other, of pile construction, made up : 5702.42 - - Of wool or fine animal hair - - Of man-made textile materials 5702.49 - - Of other textile materials 5702.41 - Other, not of pile construction, not made up - Other, not of pile construction, made up : 5702.91 - - Of wool or fine animal hair 5702.50 5702.92 - - Of man-made textile materials 5702.99 - - Of other textile materials The carpets and other textile floor coverings of this heading include : (1) Wilton and similar carpets. These have a strong, heavy ground fabric covered by a pile surface (i.e., a right side formed by adjacent threads or tufts standing upright) or by a looped surface. The surface of these c ets is formed by additional-warpthreads which are made to form loops on the right side o the fabric during the weavxng process by the temporary insertion of metal rods or wires. When these loo s are cut the result is a ile carpet (such as a Wilton, see Fi e 4); in this type the pi e is simply looped under t e weft threads. If, on the contrary, t e loops are left uncut, the resulting carpets have a looped pile, such as a Brussels carpet (see Figures 4 and 5). S iY P R uncut cut Fig. 4 Fig. 5 These carpets may be plain or patterned, the pattern being woven on a loom (e.g., Jacquard loom s ecially equip ed so as to be able to produce a design obtained by the use of two to erent coloure yarns. five B A8 Wilton carpets are also roduced b weaving two fabrics with a common pile thread which is cut after weaving to o m two pi e carpets (face-to-face Wilton). P ? The pile yarn is usually of wool or a wool/nylon mixture, but it may also be of cotton, polyamide, acrylic, viscose or a blend of these fibres. The ground fabric is usually of cotton, jute or polypropylene. (2) Axminster carpets. These are machine-woven carpets in which successive weft-wise rows of pile are inserted during weaving according to a predetermined arrangement of colours. (3) Chenille car ets. The princi al characteristic of these is that their pile surface is produced by the use o chenille yarns gee Explanatory Note to heading 56.06). These yams may be used as an additional weft woven in the normal wa ; in some cases short pieces of chenille yarn are inserted as an extra discontinuous warp he d in place by the ground fabric. !' (4) Flat weave carpets which have no loops or pile but can be distinguished from the textile fabrics of Chapters 50 to 55 in that, belug heavy and strong, they are clearly intended for use as floor coverings. These include Kidderminster or so-called" Belgian " carpets which are double fabrics, the design being produced by the interchange at intervals of the two fabrics. Apart from these relabvely fine house carpets, the heading also covers coarse c ets or carpeting (such as drugget) of jute, coir, hair, paper yarns, etc. (usually plain, twil or chevron weaves), and rag carpets with a warp of jute yarn and a weft made of strips of waste fabric tied end to end. "P (5) Door mats and matting. These are essentially composed of rigid tufts, usually of coconut fibre or sisal, simply looped under the wa threads of the ground fabric; they are produced in small sizes appropriate for their intende uses. (6) Terry towelling or similar bath-mats. It should be noted that certain c ets are obtained in a way similar to many pile or chenille fabrics of beading 58.01, butyein% essentially intended as floor coverings, they are distinguished by their solidi by the coarseness of the materials used in their manufacture or by the stiffhess of the ground fa ric, which generally has an additional warp (stuffer). 'I? (7)" Kelem "," Schumacks ",'' Karamanie " and similar hand-woven rugs. Kelem or Khilirn), also called Karamanie, is obtained by the same method of manufacture as $e hand-woven tapestries described in the Explanatory Note to heading 58.05, Part (A). Its texture is, therefore, comparable to that of the above-mentioned tapestries and enerally the same gaps are to be found with the line of the warp. Nevertheless, as far as e pattern is concerned, Kelem generally has no flowers or foliage, but mostly rectilinear designs. Althou h the front may be distinguished from the reverse, the difference is so slight that both si es may be used. f Kelem is sometimes made up of two lon strips sewn together, the design being worked in such a way as to conceal the stitching. Ti? at is why it has a border (woven ends) only on its short edges or even none at all. This clearly does not exclude added borders. Generally, the warp is woollen and the weft is wool or cotton. The heading also covers items manufactured according to Kelem techniques (in central Europe in particular) which are patterned with decorative designs of the same type as those of the light, oriental Kelem. Schuxaacks is woven in the same way as Kelem but differs from the latter in the following ways : - as soon as one or two weft lines formin the pattern are complete1 finished, a supplementary weft thread is inserted througfout the width of the piece, w ich prevents gaps in the warp; h - as regards the pattern, the back ound is usual1 decorated with three to five flat multicoloured stars which look 1 e medallions; t e border generally consists of one wide main band and from two to three secondary bands. The reverse side has a hairy appearance caused by the ends, several centimetres in length, which remain after the weft threads have been broken off. g h The weft of Schumacks is woollen while the warp may be woollen or cotton, or even goat hair. The similar carpets include in particular Sileh which is manufactured @ a similar way to Schumacks. The attern of Sileh is basically made u of S-shaped motlfs either the nght way round or bac to front, and animal figure motifs otted across the whole of the surface. The warp and the weft of the Sileh are woollen (the warp is, in rare cases, of cotton). ! The heading excludes mats and matting of plaiting materials (Chapter 46).