WCO Explanatory Notes reproduced for reference. © World Customs Organization. Verify against official WCO publication.
84.13 - Pumps for liquids, whether or not fitted with a measuring device; liquid elevators (+). - Pumps fitted or designed to be fitted with a measuring device : 8413.11 - - Pumps for dispensing fuel or lubricants, of the type used in filling-stations 8413.19 - - Other or in garages 8413.20 - Hand pumps, other than those of subheading 8413.1 1 or 8413.19 8413.30 - Fuel, lubricating or cooling medium pumps for internal combustion piston engines 84 13-40 - Concrete pumps - Other reciprocating positive displacement pumps 8413.60 - Other rotary positive displacement pumps 8413.70 - Other centrifugal pumps - Other pumps; liquid elevators : 8413.50 84 13.82 - - Liquid elevators - Parts : 8413.91 - - Ofpumps 8413.92 - - Of liquid elevators This heading covers most machines and ap liances for raising or otherwise continuously displacin volumes of liquids (including mo ten metal and wet concrete), whether they are operated 8,y hand or by any kind of power unit, integral or otherwise. P The heading also includes delivery equipped with measurin or price-calculating mechanisms such as are used for supp etrol or oil in garages, an also pumps specially designed for use with other machines, etc. (includm petrol, oil or water urnps for internal combustion engines, and pumps for man-made textile I re spinning machine$. W f The machines of this heading can be subdivided, according to their system of operation, into the following five categories. (A) RECIPROCATING POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS These use the linear suction or forcin action of a piston or plunger driven within a cylinder, the inlet and outlet being regulated by va ves. " Single-acting " pumps utilise the thrust or suction of one end of the piston only; " double-acting " es ump at both ends of the piston thus using both the forward and reverse strokes. In simTe " &fi '' pumps the liquid is merely raised by suction and discharged against atmos heric ressure. In " force " pumps, the compression stroke is used, in addition to the heights or against ressure. Multic linder pumps are used for may be either in Ene or in a star s ape. f K This category includes : (I) Diaphragm pumps. These incorporate a vibrating membrane of metal, leather, etc. (actuated either directly or through a fluid transmission) by which the liquid is raised. (2) " Oil-cushion " pum s (for drainage, irri ation, pumping viscous liquids, acids, etc.). In these, a fluid immisci le with the pumped lquid acts as the membrane. k (3) Electro-magnetic pumps. In these, the forward and reverse strokes of the iston are produced by electro-magnetic action (oscillation of a wing placed in a magnetic leld). ? (4) Machines using the suction or forcing action of two pistons, such as those pumps designed to del~verwet concrete (concrete pumps). However, s ecial purpose vehicles eading are excluded ermanently equipped with the concrete pumps of this I? heading 87.05). P (B) ROTARY POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS In these also, the intake and discharge of the li uid is effected by suction and compression, in this case produced by cams (lobes) or similar evices, rotated continuously on an axis. These devices make contact, at one or more points with the wall of the body of the pump, and form in this way the chambers in which the liquid is displaced. They may be classified according to the nature of the rotating mechanism, viz. (1) Gear pumps. The liquid is displaced by the teeth of specially shaped gears. (2) Vane pumps. The rotor is in the form of a cylinder revolving eccentrically and having projechng vanes free to move radially. The rotation permits the sliding vanes to maintain contact with the internal walls of the casing thereby displacing the liquid. This category also includes pumps which, in place of vanes, have rollers or a wheel with small flexible vanes or have a radial sliding vane attached to the body of the pump and rubbing on a smooth rotor turning with an eccentric movement. (3) Rotary piston lobe type pumps with two interacting displacing elements rotating in a casing. (4) HelicoidaI pumps (screw pumps). In these the liquid is dis laced lon body of the pump under the pressure of several helicoidal t eads turnin (pumps with two or more screws, pumps with helicoidal pumps$. R (5) Peristaltic pum s. These have a flexible tube containing the liquid running along the length of the bo y of the housin and a rotor with rollers at each end. The rollers exert pressure on the flexible tube and e liquid is displaced by the rotational movement. $ L (C) CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS In these umps, li uid taken in axially is set in rotation b the revolvin blades of a rotor (impellerfl the resu ting centrifugal action forcing the liqui outwards to t e periphery of an annular casing containing an outlet placed tangentially. The casing is sometimes fitted with divergent vanes (diffuser vanes) to transform the kinetic energy of the fluid into high pressure. B Pb For ve high pressures, multi-sta e centrifugal pum s are used in which the liquid is directed in stages t ough a number of impel ers on a common s aft. K Kr K Centrifugal pumps may be driven by an electric or internal combustion motor or by a turbine. Because of their high working speed they are suitable for direct coupling, whereas piston or rotary pumps require to be driven through reduction gears. This grou also covers submersible pumps, central heating circulating pumps, channel impeller pumps, si e channel pumps and radial flow impeller pumps. !i (D) OTHER PUMPS The following pumps fall in this group : (1) Electro-ma pum s have no moving parts, the liquid bein put into of e ectrical conduction. These pumps shou d not be reciprocating positive displacement pumps in whch the in-and-out movement of a iston is obtained by electro-magnetic effect, nor with those which function by magnetic in uction. P f d' (2) Ejectors. In this e of pump, the kinetic energy of a jet of air, steam, water, etc., under ressure e'ected rom a tube, induces a suction and entrainment effect on the liquid Randled. Aese pumps comprise a complex system of divergent and convergent pipes m a closed chamber from which the system of pipes emerges. P Injectors of the Giffard type for supplying water to boilers, and in ection pum s for internal combustion piston engines, worlung on the same principle, are a so classifie here. i (3) Emulsion pumps (gas lift pumps). In these, the li the outlet pipe, the decrease in density of the When compressed air is used, the pump is f with compressed gas in thus providing the lift. (4) Pumps in which the steam or gas pressure acts directly on the surface of the liquid. Examples are : (a) Gas combustion pumps employing the explosive force of a suitable fuel or gas to lift liquids. (b) Steam ulsators (pulsometers), in which the delivery of the li uid pumped is achieve by displacement due to the steam entering the chamber of e pulsator; the suction is created by the subsequent pressure drop due to the condensation of the steam in the chamber. ! % (c) Compressed air chamber elevators (Montejus) using compressed air. (d) Hydraulic rams, in which the increase in the ener y of a moving liquid column resulting from the periodic and sudden arrest of the ow of the li uid in the su ply line is used to pump a portion of the driving liquid in the disc arge pipe o the apparatus. f P @) LIQUID ELEVATORS These include : (1) Elevating wheels, with buckets, scoops, etc. (2) Chain or cable elevators with buckets, scoops, rubber cups, etc. (3) Band elevators. These consist of endless bands of textile or metal (corrugated, multicellular or spiral), in which the water is held by capillarity and ejected centrihgally. (4) Archimedean screw-type elevators. PARTS Sub'ect to the general provisions regarding the classification of parts (see the General ~ x ~ l a n a t o ~to~ Sect~on o t e X , parts of the goods of this heading are also classified here, e.g., pump ousings or bodies; ro s specially desi ed to connect and drive the piston in pumps placed at some d~stancefiom the pnme mover umping rods, " sucker rods '3; p~stons, lungers, vanes; cams (lobes); helicoidal screws, impe ler wheels, diffuser vanes; buckets and Eucket-fitted chains; bands for band-type liquid elevators; pressure chambers. .a gg., i' The heading also excludes : (a) Pumps (e.g., for corrosive fluids) of ceramic material (heading 69.09). (b) Hand powered oil cans and grease guns (heading 82.05) and compressed air grease guns (heading 84.67). (c) Bottle-filling machines, etc., of heading 84.22. (d) Appliances for projecting, dispersing or spraying liquids (heading 84.24). (e) Motor fire-engines (heading 87.05).
1.- This Chapter does not cover : (a) Millstones, grindstones or other articles of Chapter 68; (b) Machinery or appliances (for example, pumps) of ceramic material and ceramic parts of machinery or appliances of any material (Chapter 69); (c) Laboratory glassware (heading 70.17); machinery, appliances or other articles for technical uses or parts thereof, of glass (heading 70.19 or 70.20); (d) Articles of heading 73.21 or 73.22 or similar articles of other base metals (Chapters 74 to 76 or 78 to 81); (e) Vacuum cleaners of heading 85.08; (f) Electro-mechanical domestic appliances of heading 85.09; digital cameras of heading 85.25; (g) Radiators for the articles of Section XVII; or (h) Hand-operated mechanical floor sweepers, not motorised (heading 96.03). 2.- Subject to the operation of Note 3 to Section XVI and subject to Note 11 to this Chapter, a machine or appliance which answers to a description in one or more of the headings 84.01 to 84.24, or heading 84.86 and at the same time to a description in one or more of the headings 84.25 to 84.80 is to be classified under the appropriate heading of the former group or under heading 84.86, as the case may be, and not the latter group. (A) Heading 84.19 does not, however, cover : (i) Germination plant, incubators or brooders (heading 84.36); (ii) Grain dampening machines (heading 84.37); (iii) Diffusing apparatus for sugar juice extraction (heading 84.38);