Machinery for sugar manufacture

84.38 Machinery, not specified or included elsewhere in this chapter, for the industrial preparation or manufacture of food or drink, other than machinery for the extraction or preparation of animal or fmed vegetable fats or oils. 8438.10 - Bakery machinery and machinery for the manufacture of macaroni, spaghetti or similar products 8438.20 - Machinery for the manufacture of confectionery, cocoa or chocolate 8438.30 - Machinery for sugar manufactwe 8438.40 - Brewery machinery 8438.50 - Machinery for the preparation of meat or poultry 8438.60 - Machinery for the preparation of fruits, nuts or vegetables 8438.80 - Other machinery 8438.90 - Parts This heading covers machine , not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter, for-the industrial preparation or manu acture of food or drink (whether for immediate consumption or preserving, and whether for human or animal consum tion), but not includin machinery for the extraction or preparation of animal or fixed vegetab e fats or oils (heading 8 .79). P f It should, however, be noted that in practice the heading exdudes many machines used for these purposes, e.g., : (a) Domestic a liances (e.g., meat mincing machines and bread cutting machines) Mling in heading 82.fgor 85.09. (b) Industrial or laboratory ovens (heading 84.17 or 85.14). (c) Cooking, roasting, steaming, etc., machinery and plant (heading 84.19). (d) Centrifuges and filters (heading 84.21). (e) Bottling, canning, packing, etc., machinery (heading 84.22). (f) Machinery for the milling industry (heading 84.37). (I) BAKERY MACHINERY Such machinery is used for the manufacture of bread, biscuits, pastries, cakes, etc. It includes : (1) Dough or pastry mixers. These consist essentially of rotating or stationary receptacles equipped with fixed or moving anns or blades for kneading the dough. Certam high speed mixers are often fitted with water-cooled jackets. (2) Dough-dividin machines consist of receptacles in which the dough, delivered through a hopper, is divi ed mechanically into ortlons of equal size. These machines sometimes incorporate devices for weighing or rol Ing the dough. % F (3) Mouldin machines for forming the portions of divided dough to the required shapes ready for aking. % (4) Slicing machines for bread, cake, etc. (5) Machines designed for '' crumbing " dry bread. (6) Cutting, shaping, sawing or filling machines for biscuits, cakes, etc. (7) Cake depositing machines designed to deliver given quantities of cake batter into cake shapes. The heading excludes : (a) Bakery ovens (heading 84.17 or 85.14). (b) Pastry rolling machines of heading 84.20. (11) MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MACARONI, SPAGHETTI, OR SIMILAR PRODUCTS This group includes : (1) Mixing machines for preparing macarc.nipaste. (2) Machines for cutting or stampin out special shapes from the rolled pastry in sheet form. These machines often incorporate evices for rolling the pastry. i (3) Continuous extruding presses for macaroni, spaghetti, etc. Letters, figures and other s ecial shapes can be produced with extrudin machines equipped with suitably shaped J e s ; the dough is then cut off to the desired &chess by a revolving knife fitted on the outside of the dieplate. (4) Machines for filling ravioli, etc. (5) Machines for twisting macaroni, vermicelli, etc., in hanks, etc. The heading excludes : (a) Macaroni pre-drying or drying machines (heading 84.19). (b) Machines for rolling macaroni dough, pastry, etc., into sheet form (heading 84.20). (Ill) MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CONFECTIONERY This group includes : (1) Grinding or crushing machines for the preparation of icing sugar. (2) Confectionery mixing machines. These usually consist essentially of receptacles fitted with mechanical stirrers or grinders, and are often fitted with heatlug or cooling coils or jackets. (3) " Pulling " machines used for kneading plastic sugar mixtures by means of crank-shaped revolving arms. (4) Dragee pans. These consist of hemispherical pans, usually of copper or glass, which rotate on an inclined axis and thus coat hard centres (e.g., almonds) w t h sugar, chocolate, etc. The heading covers such dragee pans whether they are heated fiom an external source (hot air blast, independent gas burner, etc.), or whether the pans themselves incorporate heating elements. (5) Machines designed for moulding, cutting or shaping confectionery. This heading does not include sugar boilers or other heating plant (beading 84.19) or cooling plant (heading 84.18 or 84.19). (IV) MACHINJERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF COCOA OR CHOCOLATE This group includes : (I) Machines for husking, for removing the germ, or for crushing the roasted beans into " nibs ". (2) Machines for mixing, kneading or grinding the crushed beans and resultant paste to give the " cocoa mass ". (3) Presses for extracting cocoa butter from the " cocoa mass ". These machines always incorporate provision for heating the paste to facilitate the butter extraction. (4) Machines for pre aring cocoa powder by grinding the cakes left after cocoa butter extraction. Normal y these machines also sieve and de the powder, and sometimes mix it with other products to improve the aroma or solubiG. f (5) Machines for mixin cocoa butter, cocoa powder, sugar, etc. These machines often incorporate apparatus or measuring the quantities to be rmxed. f (6) Machines for rolling and refining the mixture. (7) Conches. These consist essentiaIly of containers fitted with heating equipment and power driven rollers, nders, etc., so that the constituents of the mixture are thoroughly intermingled an heat-treated. r (8) Machines which, prior to moulding, homogenise the chocolate and deliver it in regular portions by pressure and extrusion. (9) Tabletting and moulding machines, usually incorporating vibrator devices. These machines also often contain heating elements in the pouring section, and provision for cooling the moulds. (10) Earobing machines consist essentially of a conveyor belt on which biscuits, sweets or other centres are coated by passing them through sprays or molten baths of chocolate or confectionery. These machines always incorporate heating elements. (V) MACHINERY FOR SUGAR MANUFACTURE a The type of machine used for extractin the sugar juices depends on whether sugar cane or sugar beet is ernploYe~ The machines use for extracting the sugar from the juice are, however, much the same in each case. (A) Machines for extracting the juice from sugar cane, e.g. : (1) Cutters or defibrators, consisting of a series of double-edged knives which revolve at high speed and thus reduce the cane to long fibres. (2) Shredders in which the cane is passed between toothed rollers revolving at different speeds and is thereby torn to shreds. (3) Crushers, which consist essentially of adjustable, cormgated metal rollers. Some machines combine the operations of shredding and crushing. (4) Roller mills, which usually consist of trains of grooved rollers for extracting the juice from the crushed cane. They normally inco orate feeding and conveyor mechanisms, equipment for spraying water on to the cane uring rolIing, and maceration baths. (B) Machines for extracting the juice from sugar beet, e.g. : (1) Washing machines consisting of agitators or similar mechanisms operating in large channels, tanks, etc. (2) Slicing machines. These may be large cylindrical vessels whose bases consist of rotating discs fitted with cutting blades, or of rotating drums whose inner surfaces are fitted with l a v e s against which the beet is projected, by specially designed guide plates or by centrifbgal force. extract in^. (3) Diffusing apparatus for the juice from the sliced beet by osmosis. Each diffisor consists of a " calorisator ' m which the water is heated by a steam coil, and a large diffusor vessel in which the su ar is extracted from the beet chips by the hot water. The heading also covers t e di&sor vessel presented s arately. The " calorisator " presented separately is, however, excluded (heading 84.1"g). f (4) Pulp presses. (C) Machines for extracting the sugar from the juice, or for refining the sugar, e.g. : (1) Sulphiting vessels, provided they inco orate mechanical agitators, but not including those with thermal equipment (heading 4.19) (2) Crystallising apparatus fitted with slow stirring devices. The syru y mass ("masse cuite") from the concentration plant is here cooled by the surroun%ng air, and the crystallisation begun in that plant is completed. (3) Machines for sawing or breaking sugar into lumps, etc. The heading excludes : (a) Defecation vessels, juice concentration plant, vacuum boiling or crystallising pans and other plant of beading 84.19. (b) Centrihgal separators and filter presses (heading 84.21). (VI) BREWERY MACHINERY This group includes : (1) Sprouting or germination machines fitted with slow stirring devices, rotating drums or smilar mechanical features. (2) Rotating cylinders for removing the shoots from the malt after kilning and screening machines. (3) Malt crushing machines. (4) Mashing vats provided they contain mechanical agitators, etc., and no heating equipment. In these the crushed malt is mashed with water so that the starch content is converted into sugar (saccharification). (5) Straining vats, large containers fitted with stirrers or agitators, and with a perforated double bottom to separate the brewers' grains from the wort. The heading also includes, as functional units within the meaning of Note 4 to Section XVI, brewhouse machinery, comprising, inter alia, sprouting or germination machines, malt crushing machines, mashing vats, straining vats. Auxiliary ap liances (e.g., bottling machines, label-printing machines) are, however, not included an should be classified in their own appropriate heading (see the General Explanatory Note to Section XVI). ?' The heading excludes : (a) Fermenting vats without mechanical or cooling equipment; these are classified according to the constituent materials. @) Malt drying plant; maceratin vessels and mashing vats with heating equi ment; vessels for the decoction ofthe hops, or for $oiling the hop decoction with the unt (he. log 84.19); fermenting vats with cooling coils and beer coolers (heading 84.18 or 84.19). aP (c) Filter presses (heading 84.21). (VII) MACHINERY FOR THE PREPARATION OF MEAT OR POULTRY This group includes : (1) Machinery for the slaughter and subsequent treatment of animals. (2) Hog de-hairing machines. These consist of a revolving cradle which holds the carcass, and of a number of belt scrapers turning in the opposite drection to the cradle. (3) Meat cutting or cho ping machines for cutting up carcasses, etc., by the action of circular saws, rotating hives, etc. (4) Machines for sawing or chopping bones. (5) Meat beating machines to make the flesh more tender by the action of pointed or bladed combs which sever the nerve fibres. (6) Meat mincing or dicing machines. (7) Gut cleaning machines. (8) Sausage stuffing machines. These consist essentially of a cylindrical container fiom which the meat is forced by a piston into the sausage casing. (9) Meat or bacon slicing machines. (1 0) Meat or fat moulding presses. (11) Machines and a pliances for killing, plucking or drawing poultry (electric stunning and bleeding kni e, high-output poultry pluckers, eviscerating apparatus, gizzard strippers and lung extractors). ? (12) Meat picklin machinery comprising hand-operated brine injection guns connected to a ~ p or ?a fu ly automatic conveyor device which feeds the meat to a grid consisting of !me mjection needles. H The heading excludes boilers, autoclaves, heating cupboards and similar plant or machinery of heading 84.19. (VIII) MACHINERY FOR THE PREPARATION OF FRUITS, NUTS OR VEGETABLES This group includes : (A) Peeling machines, e.g. : (1) Abrasive peelers (e.g. for potatoes), consisting of a rotating container with abrasive inner walls. (2) Peelers (e.g., for apples and ears) in which adjustable knives remove the peel in spirals. These machines oflen a so incorporate devices for coring, removing pips, etc. P (3) Peelers for citrus fruit. These usually remove the peel-in quarters or scoop the h i t from the peel of f i t previously cut into halves. (4) Chemical peelers. These usually consist of a conveyor band or rotating Qum on which the fruit or ve etables are passed through sprays or baths of hot water, lye, etc. The fhit or ve eta les are then vigorously tumbled in a washer vessel to remove the skins. These pee ers are classified in this heading whether or not they incorporate provision for heating the water or lye. f (B) Machines for shelling peas or similar vegetables. These usually consist of a revolving perforated drum fitted with beaters. (C) Machines for cutting off the ends of green beans. @) Machines for removing the stalks, etc., from currants, gooseberries, cherries, grapes, etc. (E) Machines for removing the stones, pips, etc., from fruit. (I?) Machines for shelling nuts, etc. (G) Machines for grating or cutting fresh or dried fruit, vegetables, manioc, etc. (H) Machines for cutting or salting cabbage for sauerkraut. (U) Machines for pulping fruit or vegetables for the preparation of jams, sauces, tomato purke, etc., but not Including presses for h t juices (e.g., peaches, grapefi-uit and tomatoes) (heading 84.35). The heading excludes : (a) Flame or radiant heat peelers (heading 84.17). (b) Fruit blanching plant, heating plant for the preparation of potato flakes and other plant of heading 84.19. (c) Fruit or vegetable grading machines (heading 84.33). (IX) MACHINES FOR PREPARING FISH, SHELL FISH, ETC. This group includes : (1) Machines for scaling, skinning, gutting or for removing heads, tails, bones, etc. (2) Machines for opening the fish, slicing or cutting it into frllets, etc. (3) Machines for shelling or cutting up shell fish. (4) Grinding machines for preparing fish flour from dried fish. The heading does not cover W g , smoking or curing plant, or other machinery or plant of heading 84.19. (X) OTHER MACHINERY FOR THE INDUSTRIAL PREPARATION OR MANUFACTURE OF FOOD OR DRINK This group includes : (1) Mechanical appliances for acetification (used in vinegar-making). (2) Coffee bean husking or hulling machines (cylinder, disc or blade types). (3) Extracting machines, of the spiked roller type, for extracting the essential oil from oranges. (4) Tea-leaf cutting or rolling machines. PARTS Sub'ect to the general provisions regardin the classification of parts (see the General Exp anatory Note to Section XVI), the parts o the machinery of this heading are also classified here (for example, moulds (pans) used in continuous process bread-making, moulds for confectionery moulding machines, moulds for chocolate moulding machines and extrusion dies, of bronze or brass, for use in extruding presses for the manufacture of macaroni, spaghetti, or similar products). I f