WCO Explanatory Notes reproduced for reference. © World Customs Organization. Verify against official WCO publication.
84.39 - Machinery for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material or for making or finishing paper or paperboard. 8439.10 - Machinery for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material 8439.20 - Machinery for making paper or paperboard 8439.30 - Machinery for finishing paper or paperboard - Parts : 8439.91 - - Of machinery for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material 8439.99 - - Other (I) MACHINERY FOR MAKING PULP OF FIBROUS CELLULOSIC MATERIAL This group includes : (A) Machines for the preliminary treatment of the raw materials in the process of pulp making, e.g. : (1) Waste paper or paperboard pulping machines. (2) Openers or dusters for straw and similar materials. (3) Bamboo crushers and specid straw cutters for the paper-making industry. (4) Wood chip cutting machines and vibrating graders for grading the wood chips. (5) Log grinding machines. (6) L6aMasonite " defibrators in which wood chips are reduced to fibres by subjection to high pressure followed by a sudden reduction of the pressure. r (B) Strainers. In these the dilute pulp passes through screens leaving behind an fibres insufficiently ground and an knots, lumps, dirt, etc. Those operated by centrifuga action, however, are excluded (heathg 84.21). (C) Wet lappers (presse-pate machines). In these the ulpy mass of wood fibres, whether from the mechanical grinders or fiom the chemical ggesters, is concentrated and formed into sheets. e (D) Refiners. These usually comprise a cone sha ed case with internal revolving bars which break up any large fibres or lumps and allow t e stock that is already sufficiently beaten to pass straight through. (E) Crushers and grinders which treat previously prepared aper ulp with a view to producing a cellulosic pulp specially constituted for a partic$ar app ication (for example, preparation of nitrocellulose). f (11) MACHINERY FOR MAKING PAPER OR PAPERBOARD This group includes : (A) Machines for forming the stock into continuous sheets of paper or paperboard e.g., Fourdrinier machines or twin wire machines). These are very complex machines. $hey consist of regulators for feeding the stock to the head box, a slice at the output end of the head box for distributing the stock onto an endless band, usually a woven fabric of s thetic monofilarnents, supported on a breast roll or a forming roll, foils, table rolls, s ake mechanism, suction boxes, dandy rolls for watermarking, couch rolls for increasing the dry solids content and consolidating the pa er, press rolls forming at least one press nip, one press roll may include a press shoe an a surrounding, rotable belt loop, in which the paper is pressed against one or between two endless felt belts or other process belts, drying rolls, steam boxes, etc., and usually also calender rolls and reeling devices, etc. K" 'f (B) Vat machines. These are similar in principle to those at (A) but, instead of the pflp flowing out on to an endless band of w e cloth, it is picked up fiom a vat on a revolving cylinder of wire cloth from which it is transferred to a felt band and then on to press rolls (sometimes of the suction type) and finally to a series of drylng cylinders. The paper or paperboard is produced either in the form of continuous web or in sheets. In certain of these machines, sheets of pa erboard are formed by the layer of pulp winding round and round a c linder. When a su cient thckness is bmlt up, it is cut off in the form of sheets, either by L d or mechanically along the length of the cylinder. # (C) Machines for the manufacture of multi-layered paper, board or paperboard. These machines consist of different combinations of Fourdrinier formers or twin wire formers. The different web layers are roduced simultaneously and are joined in a humid state in the machine, as a rule without a inder. E (D) Sample drawing apparatus for making paper samples intended for testin The" machines are sometimes called " sample drawing machines " for controlling rnanu acture f. (III) MACHINERY FOR FINISHING PAPER OR PAPERBOARD This group includes : (A) Reeling machines. Some of these at the same time stretch and smooth the paper and discharge any static electricity. (B) Machines (other than calenders) for applying various kinds of surface coatings, inor anic or organic pigment layers, size, gum,silicon, wax, etc.; for coating carbon papers fotographic papers; for coating paper with textile dust, cork or mica powder, etc., for Or lpapers. wa P (C) Machines for impregnating paper or paperboard with oil, plastics, etc., and machines for making bitmnised or tmed roofing papers. (D) Ruling machines working by means of small discs or steel pens fed from an ink bath, but not pnnting machines of heading 84.43. (E) CrCping machines. These normally consist of a metal scraper or doctor which scrapes the paper ffom a heated cylinder, so that crinkling of the paper occurs. However, crbing is usually carried out in the papemaking machine. (F) Machines for humidifying aper (also called "paper conditioners ") in which the entire surface of the paper or paper!I oard is exposed to humid air. (G) Machines for raining and embossing (however, calenders used for the same purpose f fall in heading 4.20). (H) Corrugating machines, may be combined with a laminating device. Certain paper-finishing machines (e.g., for coating, larninatin or reelin ), may also be suitable for use in the working of metal foil, plastic sheets, woven fa ric, etc., ut they remain in this heading provided they are of a type mainly used for paper or paperboard. % Composite machines of this heading sometimes incorporate certain machines falling in other headngs of the Chapter (e.g., filters for recovery of fibres and loading material from waste waters (heading 84.21), calenders of all kinds (for smoothing, glaz~ng,embossing, etc.) (heading 84.20), paper cutting machines (heading 84.41)). Provlded they are presented together, such component machines are classified with the com osite machines in this heading, but if presented separately they are classified in their respective eadings. R The heading also excludes : (a) Boilers for rags, straw, etc.; boilers digesters) for the preparation of chemical wood pulp; steam heated cylinder and other drying machines [heading 84.19). @) Water-jet bark strippers (heading 84.24) and wood de-barking machinery (heading 84.65 or 84.79). (c) Printing machines (heading 84.43). (d) Rag pickers, pulling or garnetting machines (heading 84.45). (e) Machines for the manufacture of vulcanised fibre (heading 84.77). (9 Machines for coating abrasives on to paper, cloth, wood, etc. (heading 84.79). PARTS classification of parts (see the General f ethe machinery of this heading are also classified Sub'ect to the general provisions regardin Exp anatory Note to Sechon XVI), parts of here, e.g. : Backfalls; bed lates and beater bars for beaters; couch rolls; suction boxes; cylinders for vat machines; dan y rolls. ! The following are not, however, regarded as parts of this heading : (a) Endless belts of textile materials, for Fourdrimier machines and twin wire machines, and felt roller covers (heading 59.11). 'ndin stones, bedplates and backfalls and other parts of basalt, lava or natural stone (heading 68.0Er 6835). @) Edge-runner stones, (c) Endless belts of woven copper or bronze wire (e.g., Fourdrinier wire) (heading 74.19). (d) Machine knives and cutting blades (heading 82.08). (e) Calender rolls (heading 84.20).
1.- This Chapter does not cover : (a) Millstones, grindstones or other articles of Chapter 68; (b) Machinery or appliances (for example, pumps) of ceramic material and ceramic parts of machinery or appliances of any material (Chapter 69); (c) Laboratory glassware (heading 70.17); machinery, appliances or other articles for technical uses or parts thereof, of glass (heading 70.19 or 70.20); (d) Articles of heading 73.21 or 73.22 or similar articles of other base metals (Chapters 74 to 76 or 78 to 81); (e) Vacuum cleaners of heading 85.08; (f) Electro-mechanical domestic appliances of heading 85.09; digital cameras of heading 85.25; (g) Radiators for the articles of Section XVII; or (h) Hand-operated mechanical floor sweepers, not motorised (heading 96.03). 2.- Subject to the operation of Note 3 to Section XVI and subject to Note 11 to this Chapter, a machine or appliance which answers to a description in one or more of the headings 84.01 to 84.24, or heading 84.86 and at the same time to a description in one or more of the headings 84.25 to 84.80 is to be classified under the appropriate heading of the former group or under heading 84.86, as the case may be, and not the latter group. (A) Heading 84.19 does not, however, cover : (i) Germination plant, incubators or brooders (heading 84.36); (ii) Grain dampening machines (heading 84.37); (iii) Diffusing apparatus for sugar juice extraction (heading 84.38);