Grinding, sanding or polishing machines

84.65 - Machine-tools (including machines for nailing, stapling, glueing or otherwise assembling) for working wood, cork, bone, hard rubber, hard plastics or similar hard materials. 8465.10 - Machines which can carry out different types of machining operations without tool change between such operations - Other : 8465.9 1 - - Sawing machines 8465.92 - - Planing, milling or moulding (by cutting) machines 8465.93 - - Grinding, sanding or polishing machines 8465.94 - - Bending or assembling machines 8465.95 - - Drilling or morticing machines 8465.96 -- Splitting, slicing or paring machines This heading covers machine-tools for the shaping or surface-working (including cutting, forming and assemblin ) of wood (and materials derived from wood , cork, bone, hardened rubber, hard plastics an similar hard materials (horn, corozo, mother o pearl, ivory, etc.). d 7' The heading excludes machines for workin materials which although referred to in the heading do not possess the characteristics of hard materia s at the time work commences on them. For this reason, machines for cutting or slicing supple plastics or unhardened rubber are excluded (heading 84.77). Furthermore, the heading does not cover machines for making articles fiom granules or powder, such as machines for moulding lastic materials (heading 84.77), machines for agglomerating or mouldin i or other ligneous matter (heading 84.79) or other similar machtnes. Althoug particles or fibres of woo! they might be considered to be for the treatment of the materials mentioned in the headmg, the headng also excludes, in general, machines and apparatus whose function is not to work the material or its surface, e.g., those for the drying of wood or the ageing of it by desiccation (heading 84.19), machines for the expansion of cork (headmg 84.19) or machtnes for compressing, agglomerating or impregnating wood (heading 84.79). 'i % In general, machine-tools are power-driven but similar machines, worked by hand or edal, are also covered by this heading. These latter types can be distin ished fiom the han tools of heading 82.05 and from the tools for worlung in the hand of eading 84.67, by the fact that they are usually designed to be mounted on the floor, on a bench, on a wall or on another machine, and are thus usually provided with a base plate, mounting frame, stand, etc. X ftu (A) MACHINES NOT NORMALLY SPECIALISED FOR A PARTICULAR INDUSTRY This group includes : (1) Sawing machines of all types. They operate by means of blades or chains generally provided with teeth. They include : (a) Sawing machines with reciprocating tools, e. log cross-cut sawin machines with right-toothed blades, fict saws and vertical or krizontal frame saws or cutting rough timber into planks. F (b) Sawing machines whose tool revolves. These include chain saws and band saws such as vertlcal and horizontal band saws, quartering and halving band saws, chariot or table band saws and various specialised machines such as multiple band saws for making blocks, strips, friezes, etc., for wood flooring and band saws for the paper industry. (c) Sawing machines whose tool has a rotating motion. This large group includes all machines which cut by means of one or more toothed blades moving in a circular movement. It includes, for example, pendulum saws, cut-off saws with a straight line tool stroke, radial saws, block stroke saws with longitudinal cut, circular log-cutting saws, edging circular saws, bench saws, sliding table saws, circular panel-cutting saws. (2) Mouldin and planing machines, which repare the surface of the wor iece using blades w ich remove chips of the material. T ese include machines which wor on one or two surfaces and planing machines which can work on up to all four surfaces. % "% (3) Machines for moulding and milling, which shape the workpiece using profiled rotating tools which remove chips of the material. These include, for example, spindle moulding machines, single-end tenoning machines, dovetailing machines, grooving machines, countersinking machines, pattern milling and recessing machines, copying machines (other than lathes), 1, 2, 3 or 4-side moulding machines, profile forming machines, with rotating workpiece, slottin machines and log-milling machines (canters). This group also includes CNC milling mlac ines. % (4) CNC work centres. These machines carry out several machining operations and have automatic tool change, from a magazine or the like in conform@ with a machining programme. Consequently, this group covers machine-tools which carry out two or more machining o erations by automatic tool change from a magazine or the like, whereas machine-too s which carry out one machining o eration using a single tool or several. tools working simultaneously or sequentially ( or example, muItxple-spindle drills or multiple-cutter rnillin machines) remain classified in their respective subheadings as drilling or milling rnac$,,es. f P (5) Grinding, sandin and polishing machines. Grinding machines which use grindstones are principally use for hard products such as corozo, hard rubber, horn and ivory. f Sanding machines use abrasives to improve the surface finish as well as the dimensional accuracy of the wor iece. This group includes those with an oscillating action, belt sanders, disc sanders, obbin and drum sanders. Machines known as smoothing machines are also in this group. "g Polishing machines impart a lustre, by means of bands, dnuns or flexible rollers, to a workpiece previously given a smooth finish. (6) Bending machines which mechanically change the form or physical characteristics of the workpiece by action on its structure. (7) Assembling machines. These include : (a) Machines which assemble two or more parts by means of binding agents, adhesives or gummed paper. This grou includes veneer splicing machines, plank lueipg machines, panel forming machines, game clamps, carcase clamps, plywood an larmnat~ngwood presses, veneering presses. These machines may incorporate devices for spreading glue on the surface of the wood. cf (b) Machines which join, using nails, staples, wire, etc. (c) Machines for joining without binding agents or fasteners, e.g., squeeze presses. (8) Drilling machines. These are used solely to drill a circular hole using a rotating tool (spindle or bit). The centre of the tool and of the hole to be drilled are alon a common axis. This grou includes sin le and multiple drilling s indle machines, knot ole drilling machines and owe1 hole dn ling machines. CNC dri ling machines also belong to this group. B f, '1 (9) Morticing machines. These cut non-cylindrical holes using a chisel, a mortice chain or routing bit, e.g., slot, chisel or chain morticing machines. (10) Splitting, stam ing, fragmentin , paring and slicin machines. All these machines transform a worbiece mechanical y w~tboutremoving c ips of wood. P These include : (a) Splitting machines which s lit the fibre bond by wed e action. These include log splitting machines, fiewoof splitting machines, root sp itting machines and willow, bamboo and rattan splitting machines. f (b) Stamping machines which shape by impact cutting, e.g., veneer stamping machines. (c) Fragmenting machines which produce small pieces of wood of similar size and shape. These include sliver cutting machines, particle producing machines, wood-wool making machines and chopping and chipping machines. However, defibrators for producing wood pulp are excluded and fall in heading 84.39. (d) Paring or slicing machines which use a straight cutting ed e to produce thin sheets either by slicing (machines for making thin boards) or y paring (machines for producing veneers or thin sheets for plywood production). % This group also includes veneer shearing machines which use rectilinear blades, mitre trimming machines and mullion cutting machines. (11) Lathes, which are used to fashion a worlcpiece by a motion about its own axis, the tool not turning. This group includes lathes of all kinds, including copying lathes. (12) Tree delimbing or bucking machines. (13) Wood de-barking machinery (log decorticators, post peeling machines, etc.), other than water-jet bark strippers of heading 84.24 and barlung drums of heading 84.79. (14) Knot-boring machines for preparing logs (e.g., for use in making paper pulp). The headin also includes machines which can carry out different types of machining operations without too change between such operations. f Examples are : (1) Combined joine machines having in a single unit several machines with different functions, used in ependently of each other. With this type of machine it is necessary to ive manual assistance to the wor iece between each operation. These include machines for surface planing cornbin2 with one or more other operations and sawing-moulding-morticing machines. (2) Multi-purpose machines in which, unlike the previous group, no further manual assistance is required after the insertion of the workpiece. These include single-end tenoning machines with several spindles, double-end tenonin machines, machines for ositiom hardware, dowel holes, etc., machines for assemb ing, using adhesives and Enisling @or the production of veneer stnps or making panels fiom laths). (B) MACHINE-TOOLS SPECIALISED FOR A PARTICULAR INDUSTRY This group includes : (1) Cooperage machinery (e.g., stave- ointing, stave- laning, stave-bending, stave croze cutting or cask crozing machines; casI !assembly macfines; machines for driving the hoops over a cask). But the heading excludes cask or stave steaming apparatus (heading 84.19). (2) Machinery used in the pencil-making industry. (3) Machines for the morticing or boring of railway sleepers. (4) Wood-sculpturing machines, engraving machines, including copying machines. (5) Wood flour grinding machines. But the heading excludes defibrators used in the paper pulp industry (heading 84.39). (6) Machines for nailing, stapling, glueing or otherwise assembling boxes, crates, cases, casks, etc. (7) Wooden button-making machines. (8) Machines for making clogs, wooden soles or heels for shoes, or shoe-trees. (9) Machine for working osier, cane, etc. (peelin splittin rounding, etc.), other than machines or the manufacture of basketwork or wic erwork fieading 84.79). t The heading includes machine-tools used for working cork (e.g., by sawing, cuttin cutting, pohshing), bone, hard rubber, hard plastics and similar bard materials. machines are, in general, designed on the same pmciples as machine-tools for wood-working. ::;f PARTS AND ACCESSORIES Sub'ect to the general provisions regarding the classification of arts (see the General Exp anatory Note to Section XVI), parts and accessories (other than t f e tools of Chapter 82) of the machine-tools of this heading are classified in heading 84.66.- * * * The heading also excludes : (a) Bamboo crushers, wood chip cutting machines and log grinding machines used in pulp manufacture (heading 84.39). @) Machine-tools for working any material by removal of material, by laser or other light or photon beam, ultrasonic or plasma arc processes and other machines of head~ng84.56. (c) Tools for working in the hand, pneumatic, hydraulic or with self-contained electric or non-electric motor (heading 84.67). (d) Deflash machines for cleaning and removing contaminants from the metal leads of semiconductor packages (heading 84.86). 84.66- Parts and accessories suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of headings 84.56 to 84.65, including work or tool holders, self-openin dieheads, dividing heads and other special attachments for machine-tools; tool hol ers for any type of tool for working in the hand. f 8466.10 - Tool holders and self-opening dieheads 8466.20 - Work holders 8466.30 - Dividing heads and other special attachments for machine-tools - Other : 8466.91 - - For machines of heading 84.64 8466.92 - - For machines of heading 84.65 8466.93 - - For machines of headings 84.56 to 84.61 8466.94 - - For machines of heading 84.62 or 84.63 With the exception of the tools of Chapter 82 and subject to the general provisions regarding the classification of parts (see the General Explanatory Note to Section XVI), this heading covers : (A) Parts of the machines of headings 84.56 to 84.65. (B) Accessories for these machines, that is, subsidi devices used in connection with the machines, such as interchangeable devices w h z modify the machine so that it can perform a wider range of operations; devices to increase precision; devices which perform a particular service relative to the main function of the machine. (C) Tool holders for any type of tool for working in the hand. The very wide range of parts and accessories classified here includes : (I) Tool holders which hold, guide or operate the working tool and which permit the interchange of such tool-pieces. They are of very varied types, e.g. : Chucks; tap and drill collets; lathe tool posts; self-opening dieheads; grindin wheel holders; honing bodies for use in honing machines; boring bars; turrets for turret laif es, etc. This headin also includes tool holders for any type of tool designed for o eration in the hand. Such flolders are usually designed for the tools of heading 82.05 or 4.67, but this heading also includes tool holders for flexible shaft outfits. (See also the provisions of the Explanatory Notes to headings 84.67 and 85.01). g (2) Work holders designed to hold and sometimes manipdate (as required for a particular operation) the part being worked by the machine. These include : Lathe centres; mechanical or neumatic lathe chucks of all kinds and their clamping jaws; work holding plates and tab es (whether or not with a micrometer adjusting or setting device); clamps and angle plates; chocks and wedges; fixed, revolving or adjustable machine vices; steady rests (ring-shaped devices designed to support long parts during turning, in order to prevent buckllng and overcome vibrations set up by the pressure of the tool). P (3) Auxiliary attachments for notching, for spherical turning, etc. r (4) Cop 'ng attachments (includin those which are electrically or electronically operated) for e automatic reproduction o work according to a pattern. E (5) Surface-finishing attachments for lathes, planing, shaping, etc., machines. (6) Mechanical or pneumatic attachments used to automatically control the progress of the work or the tool in the course of working. (7) Other special auxiliary attachments, desi ed to increase the precision of the machine without actually entering into its operation. R e y include centring or levelling attachments; dividing heads; indexing tables; micrometer carriage stops; carnage spacing attachments, etc. Such attachments remain in the heading even d incorporating an o ttcal device to assist in reading the scale or in carrying out adjustments (e " o tical " h d i n g heads). However the heading excludes apparatus which are in erne ves essentially optical apparatus, e.g,, centnng microscopes (headin 90.11), alignment or levelling telescopes and image projecting test apparatus (heading 9 .31), etc. P f The heading also excludes : (a) Grinding wheels and similar abrasive tools af heading 68.04. (b) Magnetic or electro-magnetic oil filters (heading 84.21). (c) Auxiliary devices for lifting or handling (e.g., levelling jacks sometimes used to support very large or heavy work d m g machining) (beading 84.25, etc). (d) Gear-boxes and other speed changers, clutches and similar transmission equipment (heading 84.83). (e) Parts and accessories, including work or tool holders and other s ecial attachments for machine-tools or water-jet cutting machines, suitable for use solely or principa ly with the machlnes and apparatus of heading 84.86 (heading 84.86). P (f) Electric (includin electronic) parts and accessories (e.g., magnetic chucks and numerical control panels) (Chapter 5). fi (g) Measuring or checking apparatus (heading 90.31). (h) Revolution counters and production counters (heading 90.29). (ij) Brushes for mounting on machines (heading 96.03).