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85.19 Sound recording or reproducing apparatus (+). 8519.20 - Apparatus operated by coins, banknotes, bank cards, tokens or by other means of payment - Turntables (record-decks) 85 19.50 - Telephone answering machines 85 19.30 - Other apparatus : 85 19.81 85 19.89 - - Using magnetic, optical or semiconductor media - - Other This heading covers apparatus for recording sound, apparatus for reproducing sound and apparatus that is capable of both recording and reproducin sound. Generally, sound is recorded onto or reproduced from an internal storage device or me a (e.g., magnetic tape, optical media, semiconductor media or other media of heading 85.23). Sound recording apparatus modify a recordin medium so that sound reproducing ap aratus can subsequently reproduce the origina sound-wave (speech, music, etc.). This inc udes recording based on the receipt of a sound-wave or by other methods, e.g., by recording data sound files, downloaded from an Internet age or a compact disc by an automatic data rocessin machine, onto the internal memory &.g, flash memory) of a digital audio device remg.,h4P3 player). Devices which record sound as digital code generally are not capable of reproducing sound unless they incorporate a means for converting the recording from digital code to an analogue signal. f S (I) APPARATUS OPERATED BY COINS, BANKNOTES, BANK CARDS, TOKENS OR BY OTHER MEANS OF PAYMENT These apparatus operate b coins, banlsnotes, bank cards, tokens or other means of ayrnent and allow for the selection an playing of audio recordings in a chosen sequence or ran omly. They are commonly referred to as 'juke boxes". d' B (11) TURNTABLES WCORD-DECKS) These a aratus rotate the discs mechanically or electrically. They may or may not inco orate a soun - ead, but they do not include an acoustic device nor electrical means of amp ifying sound (see "record pla ers" below). They may be fitted with an automatic device enabling a series of records to be p ayed in succession. ? (111) TELEPHONE ANSWERING MACHINES These apparatus are designed to operate in conjunction with a telephone set (but not forming an integral part of the set). They transmit a previously recorded message and may have the capability to record incoming messages left by callers. (IV) OTHER APPARATUS USING MAGNETIC, OPTICAL OR SEMICONDUCTBR MEDIA. The apparatus of this group ma be portable. They may also be equipped with, or designed to be attached to acoustic devices (roudspeakers, earphones, headphones) and an amplifier. (A) Apparatus using magnetic media This group includes apparatus which use tapes or other magnetic media. Sound is recorded by altering the magnetic properties of the media. The sound is re roduced by passing the medium m front of a ma etic sound-head, Examples inclu e cassette-players, tape recorders and cassette recor ers. r (B) Apparatus using optical media This group includes ap itratus which use o tical media. Sound is recorded as digital code converted fkom ampli led currents of varia le intensity (analogue signal) onto the surface of the recordin medium. Sound is reproduced using a laser to read such medium. Examples inclu e compact disc players and rnhidisc players. These types also cover apparatus which uses media combinin magnetic and opticd technologies. An example of such an apparatus uses magneto-optica discs, on which the areas of va r y g reflectinty are created using a magnetic technology but are read using an optical (e.g., aser) beam. g P f (C) Apparatus using semiconductor media a This group includes ap aratus which use semiconductor (e.g., solid-state non- volatile) media. Sound is recor ed as digital code converted from amplified currents of variable intensity (analogue signal) on the recording medium. Sound is reproduced by reading such medium. The semiconductor media may be permanently installed in the a paratus or ma be in the form of removable solid-state non-volatile storage media. Examp es include flas memory audio players (e.g., certain MP3 players) which are ortable batte operated apparatus consisting essentially of a housing ~ncorporatinga Rash memory vnternal or removable), a microprocessor, an electronic system including an audio-frequency amplifier, an LCD screen and control buttons. The micro~rocessoris programmed to use MP3 or similar file formats. The a paratus can be connected to an automatic data processing machine for downloading 3 or similar files. P K d (D) Apparatus using any combination of magnetic, optical or semiconductor media These apparatus incorporate devices which are ca able of recording or reproducing by using any two or all of magnetic, optical or sernicon uctor media. S (V) OTHER SOUND RECORDING OR SOUND REPRODUCING APPARATUS This group includes : (1) Record players. These a paxatus produce sound from records (grooved discs) by electric amplifiers and loudspear' ers, mechanical vibrations being converted into electrical vibrations b a sound-head (pick-up cartridge). They may be fitted with an automatic device enab ing a series of records to be played m successian. ? (2) Cinematographic sound recording a aratus which record sound b photoelectrical methods. Sound may be photoelectric y recorded on film as a strip, ei er (a) of variable area or (b) of variable density. tK P Cinematographic sound recording a paratus corn rises, in addition to the sound recording head, a magazine for holding the I rn, a motor $wing mechanism for synchronising the speed of the film with that of the cinematographic camera working with it, and a film transport mechanism. (3) Cinematographic sound reproducers. These are equip ed with a reader which incorporates a photoelectric sound-head and a charge-coupled evice. (4) Re-recording apparatus, for cinemato r a hy, used, for example, for photoelectric or digital rerecording of sound tracks recor ed y other means, e.g., magnetically, optically, or electronically. b! PARTS AND ACCESSORIES I Sub'ect to the general provisions regarding the classification of parts see the General Exp anatory Note to Secbon XVQ, parts and accessories of the apparatus o this heading are classified in heading 85.22. I The heading excludes (a) Presses or injection moulding machinery for replicating recorded optical discs of plastics (heading 84.77). (b) Telephone answering machines forming an integral part of a telephone set (heading 85.17). (c) Separately presented microphones, loudspeakers, audio-frequency electric amplifiers and electric sound amplifier sets (heading 85.18). (d) Video recording or reproducing apparatus of heading 85.21. (e) Sound recording or reproducing ap aratus combined in the same housing with reception apparatus for radio-broadcasting (heading 8557). (f) Sound recording or reproducing apparatus combined with television receivers (heading 85.28). (g) Cinemato a hic cameras and projectors combined with sound recording or reproducing apparatus (heading F087).

Subheading Explanatory Note. Subheading 8519.81 This subheading covers apparatus using one or more of the following : magnetic, optical or semiconductor media.