Other

90.33 Parts and accessories (not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter) for machines, appliances, instruments or apparatus of Chapter 90. This heading covers all parts and accessories for machines, appliances, instruments or apparatus of this Chapter, other than : (1) Those mentioned in Chapter Note 1, e.g. (a) Optical elements of glass, not optically worked (Chapter 70). (b) Articles of a kind used in machines, appliances, instruments or other than hard rubber (e.g., rubber gaskets, washers and the of corn osition leather e.g., leather diaphragms for gas materig (heading 59.110. aratus, of vulcanised rubber 40.16), of leather or 42.05) or of textile (c) Parts of eneral use, as defined in Note 2 to Section XV, of base metal (Section XV)or similar goods oPplastics (Chapter 39). I (2) Those covered by Chapter Note 2 a), which constitute in themselves machines, appliances, instruments or ap aratus of any articu ar headin of Chapter 90 or of Cha ter 84,85 or 91 (other than the residu8headings 84.!7, 85.48 or 9 0 33). It therefore follows tRat separate1 presented articles of this type must be classified in their respective headings. Examples of such goo& Include : (a) Vacuum pumps (heading 84.14), taps or valves (heading 84.81), gears (heading 84.83). (b) Electrical motors (heading 85.01), transformers , permanent magnets and electro-magnets (headin 85.05), prima cells , audio-frequency electric amplifiers (beading 85.f8), capacitors orheadin resistors (heading 85-33), relays (herdin 85-36), tubes or valves (headin 85-46, photocells of heading 85.41, high or interme8ate frequency amplifiers (heading 85.43). (c) Optical elements of heading 90.01 or 90.02. (d) Photographic cameras (heading 90.06), thermometers and hygrometers (heading 90.25). (e) Clock or watch movements (heading 91.08 or 91.09). (3) Those identifiable as suitable for use solely or principally with a particular kind of machine, appliance, instnunent or a paratus, or with a number of machines, a pliances, instruments or application of Chapter a paratus of the same heJ1ng of this Chapter; these are classifiable, dote 2 @), in the same heading as the relevant machines, appliances, ~nstrumentsor apparatus. Chapter 9 1 Clocks and watches and parts thereof Notes. 1.- This Chapter does not cover : (a) Clock or watch glasses or weights (classified according to their constituent material); (b) Watch chains (heading 7 1.13 or 71.17, as the case may be); Note 2 to Section XV, of base metal (Section XV), or similar of precious metal or metal clad with recious metal (generally springs are, hov-rever, to be classifiezas clock or watch parts (d) Bearing balls (heading 73.26 or 84.82, as the case may be); (e) Articles of heading 84.12 constructed to work without an escapement; ( f ) Ball bearings (heading 84.82); or (g) Articles of Chapter 85, not yet assembled together or with other components into watch or clock movements or lnto articles suitable for use solely or principally as parts of such movements (Chapter 85). 2.- Heading 91.01 covers only watches with case wholly of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal, or of the same materials combined with natural or cultured pearls, or precious or semi-precious stones (natural, synthetic or reconstructed) of headings 71.01 to 71.04. Watches with case of base metal inlaid with precious metal fall in heading 91.02. 3.- For the purposes of this Chapter, the expression " watch movements " means devices regulated by a balance-wheel and hairspring, quartz c stal or any other system capabIe of determining intervals of time, with a dis lay or a system to w%ch a mechanical display can be incorporated. Such watch movements shalfnot exceed 12 mm in thickness and 50 mm in width, length or Lameter. 4.- Except as provided in Note 1, movements and other parts suitable for use both in clocks or watches and in other articles (for example, precision instruments) are to be classified in this Chapter. GENERAL This Chapter covers certain a paratus designed mainly for measuring time or for effecting some g on the person (watches operation in relation to time. t includes timepieces suitable for c and stop-watches), other time ieces (ordinary clocks, clocks w watch movements, alarm clocks, marine chronometers, c ocks for motor vehicles, etc.), and also time recording apparatus, time interval measuring instruments and time switches; in general, it also covers parts of these articles. P P T The articles of this Chapter may be of any material (including precious metals) and they may be decorated or trimmed with natural or cultured pearls, or natural, synthetic or reconstructed precious or semi-precious stones (see the Explanatory Notes to headings 9 1.11 and 9 1.12). The classification of clocks and watches combined with some other abject (an article of furniture, a lamp, inkstand, paperweight, writing-pad, tobacco jar, cigarette or cigar lighter, handba , powder compact, cigarette case, propellmg-pencil, walking-stick, etc.) is governed by the Ru es for the Interpretation of the Nomenclature. The mere inclusion of internal lighting does not remove clocks or watches firom this Chapter. f In addition to the exclusions specified in the Explanatory Note to each heading, this Chapter excludes, inter alia : (a) Sundials and hour-glasses (classified according to their constituent material). (b) Musical automatons (mechanical singing birds and the like) and musical boxes without time dials (heading 92.08). (c) Toy clocks and watches and Christmas tree accessories in the form of clocks or watches, such as those without clock or watch movements (heading P5.03 or 95.05). (d) Automata and other animated displays of a kind used for shop window dressing (heading 96.18). (e) Works of art, collectors' pieces, and antiques (Chapter 97). A clock or watch is composed of two main parts : the movement and the container for the movement (case, cabinet, etc.). Mechanical watch or clock movements consist of the following parts : of the plate and the bridges. The plate, to which the support of the movement. Some bodies or and the plate proper, one or more additional plate cover) intended to hold in place certain work, alarm mechanism, etc.). n (2) The device which drives the movement, usual1 consisting of weights or springs; the source of energy may also be electricity, or c anges in temperature or atmospheric pressure. (3) The train, i.e., the succession of toothed wheels which connects the driving device to the escapement and enables time to be measured. (4) The motion work, i.e., the series of parts which links the motion of the minute hand to that of the hour hand. In movements with a dial plate, the motion work is generally located between the dial plate and the plate. (5) The escapement; this provides the pendulum or balance and hairspring with the necessary energy and ensures that the motion of the train is controlled. The most usual types of escapement are the anchor or lever, the pin-pallet, the cylinder and the detent. (6) The regulating device; this regulates the motion produced by the driving mechanism. It consists of a pendulum, a balance-wheel and hms rin combination, a tuning fork, a piezo-electric quartz crystal or any other system capab e o determining intervals of time. 5 % (7) The winding and hand setting mechanism (operated by a push piece, a draw piece, or a rocking bar, etc.). The assembled movement, together with the dial and hands, is fitted in the container or case. The balance-wheel, the escapement parts and the train parts are finely pivoted. In the chea er fypes of clocks and watches, they are pivoted directly in the metal of the plate and bridges, gut in better instruments the bearings are jewelled to resist wear. Clocks and watches may be equipped with a striking work, an alarm mechanism or a set of chimes. Each of these devices requires a special movement. Mechanical clocks and watches may be wound by hand, by electricity or automatically. The apparatus of this Chapter may be electrical (including electronic), e.g. : (A) Clocks using a dry battery or an accumulator with a low running reserve of the order of a few minutes). These clocks have a conveptional balance-wheel an hairspring combination or a pendulum, the spring being period~callyrewound by an electro-magnet. (B) Clocks connected to the mains, with a hi h running reserve (several hours). These are f also equipped with a normal balance-whee and hairspring combination or pendulum, the spring or weight being rewound periodically by an electric motor (synchronous, induction, etc.). (C) Pendulum clocks driven from a dry battery, an accumulator or the mains; the pendulum is kept swinging by means of an electro-magnetic device. (D) Clocks and watches powered by a dry battery or an accumulator, with a regulating device (tuning fork, piezo-electnc quartz crystal, etc.) which is kept oscillating by an electronic circuit. (E) Synchronous motor clocks. These are connected to a controlled Ee uency current and therefore consist solely of the motor and the train, without a controlling evice. Electric clock systems are dealt with more specifically in the Explanatory Note to heading 91-05. Some electric clocks are equipped with devices for setting them to the correct time by remote control. For the purposes of Note 3 to this Chapter, which defines watch movements, the following methods of measurement apply : (a) Measurement of thickness The thickness of a movement is the distance from the outer plane of the dial support (or the visible surface of the display if the latter is inco orated in the movement) to the firthest opposite outer plane, urlthout taking account o any screws, nuts or other fixed parts projecting beyond that plane. 7' (b) Measurement of width, length or diameter or diameter (which are determined by their axis of Pwithout taking the winding spindle m crown into As appro riate, the width, len symrnehyP is to be measure consideration. - 91.01 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, including stop-watches, with case of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal. - Wrist-watches, electrically operated, whether or not incorporating a stopwatch facility : 9 101.11 - - With mechanical display only - - Other - Other wrist-watches, whether or not incorporating a stop-watch facility : 9101.21 - - With automatic winding 9101.19 9101.29 - - Other - Other : 9101-91 - - Electrically operated 9101.99 - - Other The Explanatory Note to heading 91.02 applies, mutatis rnutandis, to this heading. In accordance with Note 2 to this Chapter, watches of this heading must have cases wholly of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal. They may be set with gem stones or with natural or cultured pearls and may be fitted with a cover or have a bracelet of precious metal (gem set or not). In accordance with Note 7 to Cha ter 71, the expression "metal clad with precious metal " means material made with a base o metal upon one or more surfaces of which there is affixed, by soldering, brazing, welding, hot-rolling or similar mechanical means, a covering of precious metal. P However, watches with case of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal, having a steel back, fall in heading 91.02, as do watches with case of base metal inlaid with precious metal. - 91.02 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, including stop-watches, other than those of heading 91.01. - Wrist-watches, electrically operated, whether or not incorporating a stopwatch facility : - - With mechanical display only 9 102.12 - - With opto-electronic display only 9102.19 - - Other - Other wrist-watches, whether or not incorporating a stop-watch facility : 9 102.21 - - With automatic winding 9102.29 - - Other - Other : 9102.9 1 - - Electrically operated 9 102.99 - - Other 9 102.11 This heading covers mechanical and electrical (mostly electronic) timekeeping instruments with case and movement, of a kind intended to be worn or carried and designed to fimction in all positions, which indicate the time or measure intervals of time, regardless of the thickness of the movement. These include wrist-watches, pocket-watches, fob-watches, watches for carrying in handbags, watches mounted in brooches, rings, etc. However, timepieces incorporating a stand, however simple, should not be regarded as watches. The heading covers not only watches with sim le movements but also those with complex systems (i.e., incorporating extra elements in a$dihon to those for simply indicating hours, minutes and seconds), for example, chronograph watches, alarm watches, repeaters and striking watches, automatic watches, calendar watches and watches indicating the working reserve. The heading includes fancy or special-feature watches, such as watertight, shock-proof or antimagnetic watches; ei t-day watches; self-winding watches; watches with luminous dials and hands; watches witf? centre-seconds hands or s ecial dials; handless watches; sports watches (e.g., watches for skin divers, with built-in dep indicator); Braille watches. Chronometer watches are high recision watches which have been tested in different positions and at variable tem eratures. Phis oup also includes deck watches, but not marine chronometers and the Yike (heading 91. 5). f show the time of day but can also be used to measure Those with hands have two special hands in addition to the hours, minutes and seconds), i.e., a centre-seconds hand, which makes minute and can be started, stopped and brought back to zero b and a hand which records how many minutes the centre-secon s chronograph watches have a further seconds hand. 2' The headin also covers stop-watches. Those with hands differ from the chronograph watches described a ove in that they do not have the usual hour, minute and seconds hands, but on1 the centre-seconds hand (with or without a further seconds hand and the minute recording and. However, electronic stop watches frequently have a subsidiary acility to indicate the time of day. C K Chronogra h watches and stop-watches may mark fifths, tenths, hundredths and thousandths of a second. hey are sometimes equipped with special devices so that the speed of a runner, a motor vehicle, sound, etc., the pulse rate, the ou ut of a machine, etc., can be determined without calculation. Certain of these may also have evices for recording the time. ! Wrist-straps presented with their watches (whether or not attached) are classified in this heading. The headin excludes the following when separate1 presented : watch cases and parts of watch cases (heading 9 .11), watch movements (heading 91.0 or 91.10), watch straps, watch bands and watch bracelets (heading 91.13) and parts of movements (generally heading 91.10 or 91.14). T d The heading further excludes : (a) Pedometers (heading 90.29). (b) Clocks with watch movements (heading 91.03). (c) Instrument anel clocks and clocks of a similar type, for vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft or vessels (heading 9%4). 91.03 - Clocks with watch movements, excluding clocks of heading 91.04. 9103.10 - Electrically operated This heading covers clocks (including alarm clocks but excluding clocks of heading 91.04) provided they are equipped with watch movements, and are essentially constructed for mdicating the time of day. Under Cha ter Note 3, the ex ression " watch movements " in this heading means devices regulated by a alance-wheel and airspring, quartz crystal or any other system ca able of determining intervals of time, with a display or a system to which a mechanic8 dis lay can be incorporated. Such watch movements shall not exceed 12 nim in thickness and mm in width, length or diameter. f k' It should however be noted that the heading excludes : (a) Instrument panel clocks and clocks of a similar type, for vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft or vessels; these are classified in heading 91.04 regardless of the type or thickness of the movement. (b) Clocks (including alarm clocks) which do not satisfy the conditions specified in the first paragraph, for example, pendulum clocks, clocks with any other regulatin system ca able of determining intervals of time and exceeding 12 mm in thickness or exceedin 5 8 mm in wi&, 'length or diameter and clocks with movements without a regulating system (e.g., iven by synchronous motor). These fall in heading 91.05. B Alarm clocks are e uipped with a striking mechanism (usually with the clock case actin as gong) which is set at a given time of day fixed in advance by means of a special hand. he strilung mechanism is sometimes replaced by a musical device. % Provided they have watch movements, the heading covers, inter alia : (i) Household or office clocks (including alarm clocks) on feet, on stands, etc. (ii) Travelling clocks with cases. (iii) Calendar .clocks. (iv) Eight-day clocks. (v) Clocks which strike the hours. (vi) Clocks with luminous dials and hands. The heading excludes the following when separately presented : movements (headin 91.08 or 91.10), clock cases (heading 91.11) and parts of movements (geaerally heading 91.10 or 91.18. - 91.04 Instrument panel clocks and clocb of a similar type for vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft or vessels. This heading covers all clocb, complete with case and movement, specially constructed for mounting in the instrument panels, steering wheels, rear-view mirrors, etc., of vehicles (motor vehicles, motor bicycles, etc.), aircraft, s acecraft or vessels, regardless of the type and thickness of the movement. They are usua y electric (mostly electronic) clocks, self-winding clocks, or mechanical eight-day clocks. R The headin also covers vehicle chronographs, which, in addition to the usual hands, have a chronograp hand, a minute recording hand and a running-time recorder. f The heading excludes the following when presented separately : movements (headin s 91.08 to 91.10), clock cases (heading 91.12) and parts of movements (generally heading 91.10 or 91.1 ). f 91.05 - Other clocks. - Alarm clocks : 9105.11 - - Electrically operated 9105.19 - - Other - Wall clocks : 9105.21 - - Electrically operated 9105.29 - - Other - Other : 9 105.91 - - Electrically operated 9105.99 - - Other This headin covers timekeepers, not classified elsewhere in the Chapter, essentially constructed t8or indicating the hme of da ; they must, therefore, have movements other than watch movements. Clocks and alarm c ocks with watch movements (as defined by Chapter Note 3) are excluded (heading 91.03). r The clocks classified here may be weight, spring, electrically or electronically operated; they are generally regulated by a pendulum, a balance-wheel and hairspring, a tuning fork or a iezo-electric quartz crystal. The are often equipped with a striking mechanism (hours, Llf-hours, or quarters) acting on a ell or gong, or a multi-gong chiming mechanism.. g Subject to the above conditions, the heading includes : Public clocks; clocks for shops, the home, etc.; period clocks; special re onal forms of fancy clocks (NeucMtel clocks, Paris clocks, cuckoo-clocks, Westminster c ming clocks, etc.); " marionette " clocks; coin-operated clocks; astronomical or observato clocks; self-winding clocks (wound, for example, by variations of temperature or atrnosp eric pressure); alarm clocks; centre-seconds clocks; electronic clocks; piezo-electric quartz crystal clocks. d X The heading also includes clocks for electric clock systems as used in towns, factories, telephone exchanges, stations, airports, banks, hotels, schools, hospitals, etc. These systems consist of a precision-regulated master clock and the secondary clocks which it drives by remote control. The master clock has usually a mechanical or electrical movement and a contact device for transmitting the driving impulses to the secondary clocks. The secondary clocks, indicating the hours and minutes, receive their driving impulses at the end of each minute or half-minute. They have an electro-magnet with a rotating or oscillatin armature which actuates the train and the motion work; each impulse from the master clock vances the minute hand b one minute or half-rninute. The train may also be driven b an electrically wound spring or &ectly b an electric motor. Seconds-indicating secondary c ocks are provided with centre-seconds han s in addition to the hour and minute hands. In this case, the master clock must have a s ecial device emitting impulses each second, besides the minutes contact. It should, however, e noted that the heading excludes secondary clocks with only minute and seconds hands or with seconds hands alone (for regulating watches, etc.); these fall in heading 91.06. T J B !i Secondary clocks may be used indoors or outdoors, may have two or more dials, and may be designed for placing on a flat surface such as a table. Master clocks sometimes control other electric appliances, such as time-registers, watchmen's tell-tales, switching appliances, recorders, signals (bells, sirens, lamps), beacons or ground-lights. The heading also includes groups of mains-driven synchronous clocks,. and pneumatic installations operated by compressed air, used for relaying and synchronising time. The heading also covers marine or similar chronometers, i.e., high precision stationary timepieces, mainly designed for keeping time on ships though some are also used for scientific urposes. These instruments are generally larger than chronometer watches and are fitted in {oxq they may or may not be mounted in gymbals. They usually run either two or eight da s at one winding and generally have a detent escapement, a fusee, a device for converting J e force of the mainspring into constant pressure, and a working reserve indicator. The headin excludes the following when presented separately : clock cases (heading 91.12), movements (heading 9f.09 or 91.10) and parts of movements (generally heading 91.10 or 91.14). The heading m h e r excludes : (a) Deck watches (heading 91.01 or 91.02). (b) Instrument panel clocks and clocks of a similar type, for vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft or vessels (heading 91.04). 91.06 - Time of day recording apparatus and ap aratus for measuring, recording or otherwise indicating intervals of time, w t clock or watch movement or with synchronous motor (for example, time-registers, time-recorders). ?i 9 106.10 - Time-registers; time-recorders 9106.90 - Other I .c Provided they are operated by a movement of the watch or clock type includin secondary or synchronous motor clock movements) or by a synchronous motor wit or w out reduction gear, this heading covers : (i) A wide range of a paratus for recording the time of day at which some action or operation is effectez and (ii) Apparatus, not elsewhere specified, for measuring, recording or otherwise indicating intervals of time. Such apparatus may have dials indicating hours, minutes or seconds. However, certain instruments of this headin such as time-registers, watchmen's tell-tales and pigeon-timers, are sometimes constructed wi out dials. !i The heading includes : (2) Timerecorders similar to the time-re 'sters described in (1) above but mmking also the month, the year, a serial number or ot er indications; some of these instruments are also equipped with a device for totalling up working hours (e. ., per day or per week). These instruments are also used for stamping mail or accounting ocuments, dating costing slips, etc. f % (3) Watchmen's tell-tales, usually portable. These have a clock movement actuating a paper dial or a dating appliance. By means of a special key, the watchman records his periodical visits (hour, minute, number of ost) at the control points by perforating or stamping the revolvmg dial, or by printing wi& an inking tape on a paper stnp. (4) Pigeon-timers for recording the arrival of homing pigeons at the end of a race. These are ortable cases containin a clock, a drum for the rings and a device which marks the day, gour, minute and secon of arrival either by printing on a tape, or by perforating a disc or paper band. 'f (5) Master frequency control instruments used with s , stems of synchronous motor clocks, time switches, etc. These instruments have a dial in icating the standard time, the time of the synchronous motor clock and the time difference between the two. They consist essentially of a mechanism for indicatin the time differences, a secon movement, controlled by a master clock an indicating the standard time, a sync ronous motor clock movement and various contact, signalling or regulating devices. 2' f daX (6) Timers for measuring the duration of short-lived henomena limited by opening and closing electric contacts. These timers are used for c ecking electricity supply meters, for measuring the speed of human reactions, etc. Their principal parts are a synchronous motor, an electro-ma etic coupling and a meter wth a dial indicating seconds and hundredths of secon s; the whole IS contained in a case, When the instrument is in operation, the synchronous motor runs continuously and is coupled to the meter for the duration of the phenomenon. R ‘? Electric or electronic timers without a movement of the clock type or a synchronous motor are excluded (heading 90.31). (7) Table or stadium timers for sporting events, indicating time of arrival or playing time in minutes and seconds. Stadium clocks with clock dials are, however, excluded (heading 91.05). (8) Stop-clocks and other timers used for measurin the duration of some processes. These have a seconds dial, a dial for totalling minutes, an a lever for starting and stopping. d (9) Timers for registering the duration of telephone conversations; these operate like stop-clocks and may have a striking mechanism. (10) Time-recorders for sporting events, with synchronous motor movement, usual1 controlled by a quartz crystal oscillator. These can record time correctly to one hundred of a second, and also the order of arrival or departure; they may operate either photographically, or by printing on or perforating a paper tape moving at constant speed. Items of auxiliary sporting timekeeping apparatus (stands and holders for timers, starting gates, photoelectric cell devices, acoustical, electnc or radio telegraphic transmission instruments, etc.) are classified in their own appropriate headings. (1 1) Process timers for short periods of time. These ring a bell after a iven number of minutes (usually up to 60); they are e ui ed with an alarm movement an a dial normally bearing the fi es 0-10, 0-30 or 0-68. ey are used in all fields where the duration of a process must e controlled. fg r i However, time switches, which differ fiom process timers in that instead of actuating a striking system at a given time, they " make " or " break " an electric circuit, are excluded (heading 91.07). (12) Secondary clocks (operated by a master clock) with only minute and seconds hands or with seconds hands alone (for regulating watches, etc.). (13) Billiards meters which employ a clock movement to indicate the time in play or the amount payable based on that time. (14) Time clocks for chess-players, consisting of two clock or watch movements with dials indicating time in hours and minutes, and two buttons or levers by which the movements can be started and stopped. The heading excludes the following when presented separate1 : cases for the a paratus described above classified either in heading 91.12 or in their respective heaJngs7see the Exp anatory Note to heading 61.12), watch or clock movements (beadings 91.08 to 91.10), and parts of such movements (generally head~ng91.10 or 91.14). i' The heading also excludes : (a) Instruments and apparatus of Chapter 90, whether or not having a movement of the watch or clock e, but not e uipped with a time dial, such as recording tide gauges and seismo aphs gatling 90.15),$arogra ha and thennographs (headin$ 90.251, manomet? (heading 90.28 eas, liquid or electricity supp y or production meters (headlug 90.28), revoluhon counters, production counters, speed indicators, tachometers, taximeters, pedometers and instruments and a paratus for measuring short time intervals by counting (heading 90.29), opisometers (heading 9031f (b) Chronometer watches, chronograph watches and stop-watches (heading 91.01 or 91.02). (c) Metronomes (heading 92.09). - 91.07 Time switches with clock or watch movement or with synchronous motor. This heading covers devices which do not have the character of clocks of heading 91.05, but are mainly designed to make or break electric circuits automaticall at given times, usually at times determined accordin to a previously established daily or wee y programme. To be included in this heading these fevices must have a movement of the watch or clock type (including secondary or synchronous motor clock movements) or a synchronous motor wth or without reduction gear. d Time switches are used for the control of lighting circuits (for public places, shop windows, staircases, illuminated s i p s , etc. , heating ctrcuits (water heaters, etc. , cooling installations, pumps, two-rate electricrty su p y meters, etc. They consist essentia ly of a mechanical or e or a synchronous motor, usually a dial wi* or electric movement of the watc or clock without hands, a time-regulating device ( evers and pins), together with systems of dtlving relays, switches and commutators. The whole is enclosed in a case with terminals. The dial is usually marked in hours and sometimes also in days and months; levers or pins around its periphery actuate the contact devices at the desired times. R 1' ?" Time switches may be set in action by thermostats, pressure regulators, water level regulators, etc. The heading also includes switches for making and breakin the circuit supplying electrical apparatus (television receivers, irons, washing machines, bi iard table lights, etc.), switching on when coins are inserted and switching off through the action of a synchronous motor, the interval being determined by the number of coins inserted. E The heading excludes the following when presented separately : cases for the devices described above (classified either in heading 91.12 or in their respective headings, see the Explanatory Note to heading 91.12), watch or clock movements (headings 91.08 to 91.10) and parts of such movements (generally heading 91.10 or 91.14). 91.08 - Watch movements, complete and assembled. - Electrically operated : 9108.1 1 - - With mechanical display only or with a display can be incorporated 9 108.12 9108.19 9108.20 9108.90 device to which a mechanical - - With opto-electronic display only - - Other - With automatic winding - Other This heading applies to assembled watch movements without cases, that is to say, complete and ready for use. These movements may be of five principal types : (1) mechanical. movements; (2) electronic movements of the balance-spring type; (3) electronic movements with a flexural resonator (tuning fork); (4) quartz movements with an analogue time display (hands); - (5) quartz movements with an electronic digital time display (light emitting diodes (LEDs) or l~quidcrystal display (LCD)). Mechanical or electronic movements with an analogue time display ma be presented without dial or hands. In electronic (solidstate) movements with a digital hme JsPlay, the displa cell forms an integral art of the movement; without it the movement cannot function and ence cannot be regarde as complete and assembled within the meaning of this heading. hY B Under Chapter Note 3, the expression" watch movements " in this heading means devices regulated by a balance-wheel and hairspring, quartz crystal or any other system capable of determining intervals of time, with a displa or a system to which a mechanical display can be incorporated. Such watch movements sh 1 not exceed 12 mm in thickness and 50 mm in or diameter. These movements are therefore mainly intended for the watches and clocks of eadin s 9 1.01 to 91.03, but they remain classified here even if for inco oration in lenP o f t is Chapter or even in instruments or appxatus of other ~ha~ters%easuring other articles or precision instruments, pedometers, explosive devices, etc.). % The heading excludes movements not conforming to the above conditions (heading 91.09 or 91.10), and spring-operated motors of heading 84.12. The movements of this heading may be unpolished, polished, nickel-plated, rhodiuin-plated, silvered, gilded, varnished, etc. Battery or accumulator powered watch movements are classified in this heading, whether or not the battery or accumulator is present. - 91.09 Clock movements, completle and assembled. 9109.10 - Electrically operated 9109.90 - Other This heading covers all assembled movements of the clock type, that is to sa com lete and ready for use; those having an analogue time display device (hands) may be wi or wit out dial or hands. C % The movements of this heading are mainly intended for the goods of headings 91.04 to 91.07, but they remain classified here even if meant for incorporation in instruments or apparatus of other Chapters (measuring or precisi~ninstruments, meters, explosive devices, etc.). The heading excludes : (a) Spring-operated or wei ht-o erated motors, etc., not fitted, nor adapted to be fitted, with escapements, of heading%4.1f(cg.,those for operating musical boxes). (b) Watch movements as defined in Chapter Note 3 (see the Explanatory Note to heading 91.08). The heading therefore covers, inter alia, movements re lated by a balance-wheel and hairspring or by any other regulating system ca able of etermining intervals of time, and exceeding 12 mm in thickness or 50 mm in wid&, len h or diameter; pendulum movements; electrical clock movements, with or without re ators (secondary clock movements, synchronous clock movements, etc.). C P To be classified here, synchronous and secondary clock movements must incorporate, in addition to the synchronous motor or the electro-ma et, a clock train, i.e., a train containin arts such as the first, second, third and fourth w eel, the minute wheel and hour wheef !eparately resented electro-magnets and synchronous motors are classified in their own appropriate %ea&ngs, whether or not they are equipped with reduction gears regulating th speed of the shaft. f? These clock movements may be unpolished, polished, nickel-plated, rhodium-plated, silvered, gilded, varnished, etc. 91.10 - Complete watch or clock movements, unassembled or artly assembled (movement sets); incomplete watch or clock movements, assem led; rough watch or clock movements. t 9 110.11 9 110.12 9 110.19 9110.90 - Of watches : - - Complete movements, unassembled or partly assembled (movement sets) - - Incomplete movements, assembled - - Rough movements - Other Movement set (chablon) means a corn lete set of the components of a watch or clock movement, unassembled or part1 assemb ed (marketed in this form). In the case of mechanical display movements, the dial and L d s may or m y not be included. P Incomplete mechanical watch or clock movement means a movement which is mounted but lacks certain parts other than the dial, hands or winding spindle (e.g., the escapement or the barrel bridge). Incom lete fully electronic watch or clock movement means a movement which is mounted but lac s certain parts other than the battery (e.g., the display, part of the electronic circuit or components thereof). f: Incomplete electronic watch or clock movement with mechanical display means a movement which is mounted but lacks certain parts other than the dial, hands, setting spindle or battery (e.g., the electronic circuit or components thereof, the motor). Rough watch or clock movement means the unassembled parts of a watch or clock movement consisting of the plate (and any additional plates), bridges, train, motion work, winding and setting mechanism, and additional mechanisms such as automatic windin device, calendar mechanisms, chronograph, alarm, etc., but without escapement, balance-whee and hairspring or other regulating devlce, mainspring, dial or hands. These may be presented with or wthout a barrel. 91.11 - Watch cases and parts thereof. - Cases of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal 9 111.20 - Cases of base metal, whether or not gold- or silver-plated 9 111.80 - Other cases 9 111.10 This heading covers (A) Cases for the watches of heading 91.01 or 91.02 (pocket-watches, wrist-watches, chronograph watches, etc.), with or without glasses, presented without movements. (B) Parts of these cases, including : (1) The case body, i.e., the framework of the case. It may have hinges for the bottom, and in pocket-watches the case bodies have also hinges for the dome and the bezel. (2) The pendant, welded to the case body, with the watch bow (for pocket-watches) and the bushings. (3) The dome, the inner cover protecting the movement (does not exist in ordinary watches). (4) The bezel, the part which holds the glass. The edge for holding the glass in place is more especially referred to as the groove. (5) The bottom, which closes the watch on the opposite side from the glass. Ordin watches have only one, while hunters have a second similar piece (the cover) w h z protects the glass. Cases for wrist-watches have no pendant or watch bow proper, but have lu s for attaching the wrist-straps. These lugs consist of several parts, including the bar whic may be fixed or sprin -operated. Some ladies' wrist-watches have no lugs but are provided with claws for attac%inga cord. f Wrist-watch cases often consist of only two parts, the case body and the bottom bein combined. Sometimes, the bottom and the bezel each bear one part of the dome, or the bezel an the case body are in one piece. In more highly f ~ s h e dtypes, the movement is first enclosed in a protective dome. Watch cases and parts thereof may be of an material. The are main1 made of base metal (steel, nickel, etc., polished, chromium-plate~silvered or gi ded), or o precious metal, or of metal clad with precious metal, or sometimes of plastics, ivory, agate, mother-of-pearl or tortoise-shell. They may be ornamented (engine-huned, engraved, chased, trimmed with natural or cultured pearls, natural, synthetic or reconstructed precious or semi-precious stones, etc.). f' The heading excludes : (a) Sim le protective covers for watches, nor watch glasses; these are classified in their bwn appropriate hea$ngs. (b) Parts of general use as defined in Note 2 to Section XV (which include springs for watch cases), of base metal (Section XV) and similar goods of plastics (Chapter 39). (c) Clock cases and cases of a similar type for other goods of this Chapter, and parts thereof (heading 91.12). - thereof. 91.12 Clock cases and cases of a similar type for other goods of this Chapter, and parts - Cases 91 12.90 - Parts 9 112.20 This heading covers clock cases, and, provided they are of a type similar to clock cases, cases for other goods of this Chapter; subject to this reserve, the head~ngtherefore includes cases for alarm clocks, marine chronometers, motor vehicle clocks, time-registers, time-recorders or time-stam s, time interval meters (minute timers, seconds timers, etc.) or for other clocks of this Cha ter. uch cases remain in the heading whether with or without glasses, and whether or not finis?Ied. But the heading excludes cases of a type not similar to normal clock cases but rather of the type used for scientific apparatus, electricity sup ly meters, etc. (cases for timers, time-recorders or time switches are sometimes of t h ~ skin$; such cases are classified in their own appropriate headings. d The cases classified here are made in widely different forms; they are usually of metal (including precious metal), wood, plastics, leather, tortoise-shell, mother of pearl, marble, alabaster, ceramic materials, onyx, agate or ivory. They may be ornamented, trimmed with natural or cultured pearls or natural, synthetic or reconstructed precious or semi-precious stones, or combined with motifs, sculptures, statuettes, figures of animals, etc. The heading also includes parts of clock cases, such as bezels, frames, pedestals, stands and feet. The heading excludes : (a) Protective covers, usually of glass, presented separately (heading 70.20). (b) Parts of general use as defined in Note 2 to Section XV (which include spin s for clock cases), of base metal (Section XV)and similar goods of plastics which are classified m dbapter 39. (c) Watch cases (heading 91.11). - 91.13 Watch straps, watch bands and watch bracelets, and parts thereof. 9 113.10 - Of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal - Of base metal, whether or not gold- or silver-plated 9113.90 - Other 9 113.20 This heading covers all kinds of watch straps, watch bands and watch bracelets, i.e., all devices for fastening watches to the wrist. Watch straps, watch bands and watch bracelets may be of any material, for example, base metal, precious metal, leather, plastics or textile material. They may also be clearly decorative in character without this affecting their classification. The heading also includes parts of watch straps, watch bands and watch bracelets, identifiable as such, of any material. The heading excludes : (a) Other attachin devices (neck chains, pendant bands, watch chains, rings, brooches, etc.) which are classifiable in eir appropriate headings. L (b) Buckles and buckle-clas s of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal (heading 71.15) or of base metal (heading h.08). (c) Watch straps, watch bands and watch bracelets presented with their watches but not attached thereto (heading 91.01 or 91.02). - 91.14 Other clock or watch parts. 9 114.10 - Springs, including hair-springs 91 14.30 - Dials 9 114.40 - Plates and bridges 91 14.90 - Other This heading covers all clock or watch parts other than : (a) Parts excluded by Chapter Note 1 : (1) Weigbts, .clock or watch glasses, watch chains, ball bearings and bearing balls (e.g., for self-wmd~ngwatches). (2) Parts of eneral use as defined in Note 2 to Section XV, e-g., screws (bridge, crown, dial, ratchet, ckck end-stone cap or index Lsc, yoke, setting lever, etc.), taper ms, clock chains, figures for dials, of base metal (Section XV) or ~rnilargoods of plasbcs &hapter 39) or of precious metal or of metal clad wth precious metal (generally beading 71.15). These parts are classified in their own appropriate headin s. However, clock and watch springs (mainsprings, hairsprings, etc.) r e m in this hea ing. (b) Parts specifically included in other headings of this Chapter (e-g., the complete and assembled movements of heading 91.08 or 91.09, the movement sets, incomplete watch or clock movements, assembled or rough watch or clock movements of heading 91.10, the cases of heading 91.11 or 91.12 and the watch straps, watch bands and watch bracelets of heading 91.13). Exce t as rovided in paragraph (a) or @) above, parts suitable for use both in clocks or watc!I es an in other articles, for exam le, in toys, meters or measuring or precision instruments (springs, trains, jewels, hands, etc.) all in this heading (see Chapter Note 4). However, the heading does not cover parts which an not clearly clock or watch parts ( e . ~ pentin~. , or totallin devices for time-registers, and certain other parts used in arhcles of eadmg 9 06 or 91.0 ). P The heading includes identifiable blanks of clock or watch parts, but it excludes metal pieces not yet recognisable as clock or watch arts (e.g., plates, bridges, etc., direct fiom the lathe or roughly cut to shape, without drilling, !oflowing, etc.). These are classified according to their constituent material. a The clock or watch arts of this heading may be unpolished, polished, nickel-plated, rhodium-plated, silvere ,gilded, varnished, etc., or jewelled. Subject to the above provisions, the principal clock or watch parts classified here are : (A) PARTS OF WATCH MOVEMENTS (regardless of complexity of system) These include : (1) Frame : plate (and any additional plates), bridges (of the barrel, centre wheel, third wheel, fourth wheel, balance-wheel (cock), escapement, setting wheel, etc.). (2) Driving mechanism : mainspring, barrel, barrel cover, barrel arbor and ratchet, click, click spring. (3) Train : centre wheel and pinion, third wheel and pinion, fourth wheel and pinion. (4) Motion work : cannon pinion, minute wheel pinion and minute wheel, hour wheel. (5) Escapement (anchor or lever, pin pallet, cylinder, detent, etc.) : escape wheel and pinions, lever, pallet staff, rollers, pallet stones, impulse pin, cylinder. (6) Regulating device : balance, balance staff, hairspring (flat, Brk et, cylindrical), tunmg-fork, stud, collet, regulator, index stud, end-stone cap or in?c ex disc, regulator spring, lower cap jewel end-piece, including special parts for shock-proof devices. (7) Winding and setting mechanism : crown, winding stem and pinion, clutch wheel, setting wheels, crown ratchet wheel, crown wheel core, yoke (rocking bar), setting lever, setting lever spring and yoke springs. (8) Parts of electronic movements : circuits for watches comprising, for example, an insulating base c q i n g rinted connections and other discrete components formed otherwise than by pnnting &or example, coils, capacitors, resistors, diodes and transistors), possibly together with an integrated circuit. (9) Platform escapements consist of the plate, bridges, escapement, balance-wheel and , and the regulator of a clock or watch movement, with or without train. They remain c assified here whether assembled with the escapement regulated, or imassernbled. hairspnnf Assembled platform escapements may be intended for incorporation in a whole range of appliances using clock or watch movements (time-registers, time switches, etc.), and sometimes also m small clocks or alarm clocks. (B) PARTS OF CLOCK OR ALARM CLOCK MOVEMENTS Many of the parts of these movements are similar in principle to parts of watch movements but are larger. a Parts eculiar to clock movements include weight drums, pendulums, includin compensated pend urns (mercury, invar stem, etc.), crutches, verges, verge wheels, recoi escapements, dead-beat (or Graham) escapements, etc., independent winding keys. Parts of alarm clock movements include fixed winding keys and knobs for setting. B (C) STRIKING WORK PARTS (I) Striking work of alarm clocks : stop or detent, notched collar, release wheel, escape wheel, index staff, pallet, striking hammer, etc. ty%e, (2) Clock striking work (locking plate rack q e , etc.) : drum or barrel and barrel wheel, d ,warning wheel, fly, detents, levers or fly locking plate, great wheel, in wheel, t ~ r whee P springs, repeater rack, snai ,hammer, lifting piece, arbor, fly wheel, gathering pallet, rack, ball, gong, chimes. (D) JEWELS This catego includes only worked stones (jewels), i.e., those which have been turned, cut, polished, dn%ed, hollowed, etc., or mounted (in a setting or a screw). Unworked or rough1 sawn ewels are excluded (Chapter 71 . Watchmakers' ewels are usually extremely small their diameter and thickness rarely excee ng 2 mm and 0. mm, respectively. di s' The principal stones used in clock- or watch-making are natural or synthetic rubies, sapphires and garnets, and occasionally diamonds. In cheap arhcles, glass is sometimes used, or the jewels are replaced by metal caps. Clock or watch jewels bear the names of parts which they support, e.g., centre wheel jewels, third wheel ewels, fourth wheel jewels, escape wheel jewels, allet staff jewels and balance-whee jewels. The bearin of a cylindrical pivot consists o a drilled jewel or of a drilled jewel and a solid jewel (en%-stone).There are also bearings consisting of conical cavity jewels. i ? In addition to round ewels used as bearings, clocks and watches with a lever escapement usual1 also contain ti ree special jewels : two allet stones (bevelled jewels attached to each end o the pallet) and an impulse pin (a jewef usually of semi-round or triangular section, intended for the roller). r may be carried out by hand setting, by using a mounted jewel, or, more (E) DIALS Dials generally bear divisions or figures indicating the hours, minutes and seconds. They may be flat or curved. They are usual1 of silvered, plded, painted, oxidised or otherwise coated brass, of enamelled copper, of go1 or silver, or sometimes of aper, glass, p1,astics or pottery. The figures and inscriptions are produced b various metho s (transfer, pantmg, stamping, etc.). Dials may have luminous figures or sym 01s. B g P' Dials are fixed to the plate (or to an additional plate, called " dial plate ") by screws, pins or an outer ring of metal. (F) HANDS These indicate hours, minutes and seconds. The heading also covers s ecial hands for chronograph watches and hands for alarm clocks, etc. Watch or clock hang may be flat or curved, and may be made of steel, brass or co per, generally polished, oxidised, nickel- lated, chromium-plated, silvered, gilded or lac uere8; they are sometimes of old and even o bone. Luminous hands have "windows" fi\ed with a compound base on radioactive salts (radio-thorium, meso-thorium, etc.). There are innumerable types of hands, designed to suit the type of dial. B f